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AMMAN – Syntheses of ancient Jerash and its urban spread are based largely on studies of monumental ruins, most of whose visible and imposing remains belong to the Roman and Byzantine eras of Jerash.  In 1930’s, Crowfoot's studies drew early attention to the selective reuse of older architectural blocks and entire building units in the construction of the first churches.

Breakdown of the civic infrastructure would happen during the turn of the epoch or during big natural disasters like the famous earthquake from 749 AD.

"Recent material evidence supports contemporary literary references suggesting that during the Crusades and after the Mamluk Jerash had been reduced to impoverished improvised occupancies," said Australian scholar Ina Kehrberg-Ostrasz, adding that in the 19th century, a Circassian and Chechen colony was settled under Ottoman rule and Jerash revived as a township. 

“The history of urban growth has changed relatively little seen in the main through the ruins of public secular and religious monuments which have earned Gerasa the modern attribute "Pompeii of the East",” Kehrberg-Ostrasz elaborated, noting that overshadowed by these acclaimed monumental ruins, it is easy to consider as insignificant, or worse to ignore the seemingly vacant areas between those standing ruins and main thoroughfares. 

"Yet, these buried lots aligning ancient streets and lanes were once an integral part of urban growth and their intended use, or deliberate non-use would have been part of town planning projects. One may posit in addition, that local populations would have made temporary use of unbuilt civic environs," the scholar said, adding that the aerial views demonstrate how repetitively selective the architectural evidence is which has served urban studies of Gerasa until recently.

“Archaeology in Gerasa is still mostly limited to a supporting role for restoration projects of Roman and Byzantine monumental ruins and their architectural studies. Most of the "inter-monumental" urban space thus remains terra incognita and will continue to be covered with excavated debris,” Kehrberg-Ostrasz said, adding that nearly two centuries of topographical, architectural and archaeological explorations, the first two systematic and extensive by Buckingham and his team of surveyors in 1816 and in 1893 by Schumacher have advanced surprisingly little our knowledge of the complexities of urban space as it was conceived and actually used by the Roman, Byzantine and Islamic population.

"Concentration on visible monumental remains and their restoration is also largely responsible for our flawed knowledge of pre-Roman Hellenistic and first century BC/AD Gerasa. Apart from some literary accounts, notably by the 1st century AD historian Flavius Josephus, and first century epigraphic references, until very recently (infra) there has been hardly any material evidence from the second century and little of the first centuries BC and AD," Kehrberg-Ostrasz elaborated.

In the last two decades of the 20th century research on the development of Early Roman Gerasa has relied heavily on findings at the lower terrace of the Zeus Sanctuary conducted by the French scholar Seigne and at the Artemis Sanctuary.

“Architectural blocks from Late Hellenistic buildings were discovered during excavation or anastyloses of Roman monuments, however most evidence for locations of buildings whose existence is known from recycled blocks stays hidden underground,” Kehrberg-Ostrasz underlined, adding that one such case is the Late Hellenistic Temple of Zeus, a good number of whose richly ornamented blocks were found by the excavators in the underground vaults of the first century naos situated on the lower terrace of the Zeus Sanctuary.

"Permitting the argument that the naos was probably located within the earlier precinct of the Zeus Sanctuary, a partial reconstruction on the site was hindered by the fact that the actual location of the monument remains unknown. The blocks are now exhibited together with a hypothetical model in the crypto portico of the lower terrace," Kehrberg-Ostrasz underscored.

AMMAN — Her Majesty Queen Rania visited Sahab on Wednesday, where she hosted a luncheon for group of over 100 women active in the fields of education, culture, media, and civil society.

Sahab Governor Ali Mawas and Mayor Abbas Maharma welcomed Her Majesty to the area and briefed her on a number of projects serving the community’s families, according to a statement from the Office of Her Majesty. 

Joining the women of Sahab, Her Majesty thanked them for their gracious welcome, and expressed her warm wishes for Jordan and its people in the year ahead.

Reflecting on the past year, Queen Rania noted that it has been a difficult period for the region, marked by oppression and unimaginable suffering in the Gaza Strip, West Bank, and elsewhere, the statement said. 

“We used to believe that all people in this world had an equal claim to humanity and human rights; but sadly, we are seeing otherwise,” she said. 

“We in Jordan will stay true to the core values with which we were raised: kindness, generosity, compassion, care, and community. These are the values I never fail to see in the Jordanian people,” she added.

Her Majesty also expressed her gratitude for the nation’s many blessings, adding that the birth of her first granddaughter, Her Royal Highness Princess Iman bint Al Hussein, is what she is most thankful for this year. 

“Time flies when I’m with her,” she said.

AMMAN — The return of Jordanian detainee after spending almost four decades in the notorious Saydnaya prison in Syria, has sparked intense discussions across social media outlets and the Jordanian public.

Foreign Ministry spokesperson Sufian Qudah announced on Tuesday the arrival of Jordanian citizen Osama Bashir Bataineh, who had been detained in the former Syrian regime’s prisons, through the Jaber crossing.  

In a statement to the Jordan News Agency, Petra, Qudahh said, "After social media platforms were abuzz with the story of detainee Bataineh, we contacted his father yesterday and gathered all necessary information. Thankfully, Bataineh has arrived at the Jaber border and was handed over to his father by the Public Security Directorate personnel."  

Regarding his health condition, Qudah noted that Bataineh was found unconscious and suffering from memory loss. He added that Bataineh, born in 1968, disappeared in 1986 at the age of 18 and remained imprisoned for 38 years.

According to local news outlets, upon his arrival, the detainee exhibited signs of memory loss after spending numerous years in Syrian detention. However, when inquired about his place of origin, he confirmed that he was from Irbid. 

The news of his return has sparked a wave of reactions over social media platforms, with many expressing shock and disbelief over the prolonged detention period, having a deep sense of solidarity and support.

On Facebook, Sahem Saaydah Abadi wrote: “A long journey of pain and patience comes to an end today… Can time erase the years of injustice? And can a single moment restore the memories shattered by prison bars?” 

Similarly, Sanaa Tawfiq wrote on X: “Welcome back after decades of silence and darkness. Your resilience is a testament to the human spirit. May this day mark a new chapter of healing and remembrance.”

Others voiced their anger at the injustice and the heavy toll of long years of imprisonment. On Instagram, people shared his story on their feed. Samah Kharabshe, said: “Who will be held accountable for 38 years of stolen life? This is beyond heartbreaking.” 

AMMAN — The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources on Tuesday signed a joint work programme for 2025 with the Jordanian-German Energy Partnership project.

The programme focuses on key areas such as energy efficiency, electricity grid development, digitalization, cybersecurity, energy innovation, gender equality, hydrogen, and energy data and statistics, the Jordan News Agency, Petra, reported. 

During the signing ceremony, attended by the German Ambassador to Jordan and representatives from partner institutions, Ministry Secretary-General Amani Azzam highlighted the strong and growing partnership between Jordan and Germany. 

She said that Germany’s commitment to the partnership formalised through an agreement in 2019, had been crucial to its success, pointing out the significant progress made this year.

Azzam added that the 2025 plan would provide a clearer path forward, facilitating knowledge exchange and addressing challenges in both countries. 

She also called for expanding cooperation to include projects that would benefit both countries, with the goal of building a sustainable energy future that enhances energy security and fosters economic growth in Jordan and Germany.

Acting Director of the Planning and Organization Development Directorate at the Ministry of Energy and head of the Jordanian-German Energy Partnership Nidal Qasim highlighted the partnership’s continuous growth in the energy sector over the past five years.

The meeting was attended by representatives from the German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, the German Energy Agency, Jordanian universities, the Department of Statistics, the Jordan Chamber of Industry, and the National Electric Power Company.