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Only the fastest will do

By - May 05,2016 - Last updated at May 05,2016

We handle and move data in such quantities, in such huge truckloads that we simply cannot afford to wait to have things done. How many times have you lost patience copying a set of photos onto a low performance USB flash drive you want to give a friend or a relative? Or making a backup of all your precious files? Or uploading a big video to Youtube that seems to take forever to be there, for the world then to see? Or opening a high-definition photo with Photoshop, using an inadequate old Pentium 4-based computer fitted with a miserable 2GB memory and waiting two minutes just to see the photo appear on the screen? Or playing a game on a machine that does not have the proper graphic controller? Or carrying out a video call with your smartphone over a sluggish Wi-Fi or 2G connection that renders the image broken, pixelated, hardly enjoyable?

Time is money said Benjamin Franklin. It may sound trivial, an old commonplace, but it’s good to be reminded of the concept while dealing with IT. Especially that we all spend a significant part of any normal day dealing with IT, one way or another.

Last week, while renewing my car’s annual registration at the traffic department, the computerised system went completely down and then was back to normal operation in less than one hour. For all those waiting to renew their car’s papers or to pay their traffic tickets the wait seemed like eternity, though it was just one hour. Besides, the department is usually known for being very well organised and one of the fastest in the country for expediting the various procedures it handles for citizens. We depend so much on networks, computers and automated work that any wait now seems unbearable.

Whereas we can do little to prevent complete systems failures that are bound to happen every now and then, we can at least opt to use tools and devices that are appropriate for the job, that are fast enough to do it in reasonable time. I can hear a voice slyly whispering: “define reasonable”.

Say you live in Amman and are planning to spend a weekend in Aqaba. If getting there takes you anything from two to four hours, depending on whether you fly or drive, this can be considered as reasonable, although one hour would understandably be even better, but this is another story. On the other hand, if just getting there is an eight-hour trip, then the whole plan wouldn’t probably be worth it, for travelling 16 hours just to spend a weekend may not sound, precisely, reasonable.

The same applies to using computers, smartphones and of course before anything else the Web.

There are countless ways to empower your IT tools, to lift the performance of the devices up to a level that makes the task worth doing, and in reasonable time. USB3.0 drives and connectivity is just one of them. USB2.0 is a standard that belongs to the past. Sufficient memory is another critical issue. By current standards, a laptop with less than 4GB of it is poor, 8GB is good, and 16GB would not be a useless luxury.

Powerful Wi-Fi routers, i7 processors, 3G and 4G networks, NVidia video cards and gigabit network controllers, they all come to the rescue to help us finish the work faster. If it must take me 10 minutes or so to process a candid snapshot and have it delivered to a friend by e-mail or WhatsApp, I’d rather do without it all in the first place. This is a task that should be done in a few seconds, in one minute at most.

The local telecoms can provide some areas in Amman with 24MB ADSL Internet, whereas other parts of the city are still limited to a maximum of 4MB speed, because of the cabling infrastructure. The difference in terms of usability and performance is significant, especially that 24MB is seen today as the minimum to have.

 

True, it costs money to keep replacing equipment all the time, to be always up to date with the fastest, most powerful IT tools, and to have fast web connectivity. The question is: “doesn’t wasting time watching the devices work at crawling speed cost more?”

IBM makes a big shift into cognitive computing through its Almaden lab

By - May 04,2016 - Last updated at May 04,2016

Photo courtesy of cio.com

ALMADEN, California — IBM’s California research lab sits atop a green hill here, 24 kilometres south of downtown San Jose.

There are not any signs that suggest if you drive up the narrow road that wraps around the hill you’ll find a research facility at the top. No signs that the research centre is home to a Fortune 500 company. No signs — even inside — that the company once dominated the personal computer industry.

After decades in the spotlight as a hardware-centric firm selling PCs, servers and mainframes, the 105-year-old tech giant has made a dramatic shift into a realm that few understand: cognitive computing. Deep within the apps we use, the food we eat, the medicine we take and the medical diagnoses we make, you’ll find traces of IBM.

Like its Almaden research lab, there are no obvious signs it’s there. Look carefully, though, and the work of IBM — particularly from its Almaden lab — is everywhere.

IBM’s cognitive computing business — which includes artificial intelligence, machine learning, algorithms and analytics — accounted for 35 per cent of the company’s $81 billion in revenue last year. It’s the fastest-growing segment at IBM, where overall sales are declining. Jeffrey Welser, the director of Almaden Research Centre of IBM, said it’s “the main focus for IBM in terms of growth”.

The work at Almaden played no small part in this.

Several hundred researchers work at the facility developing artificial intelligence, algorithms and the chip sets to support faster, more powerful self-learning systems. It feels less like other Silicon Valley tech campuses, where hoverboards and ping-pong tables are common sights, and more like a college campus without the students. The hallways are quiet and clean. The tenured professors — in this case, the IBM scientists and engineers — code away in their discreet offices.

IBM is still a major player in servers and mainframes — its technology continues to power banking and airline reservation systems. It also has people working in areas such as cybersecurity and the cloud. But to understand why it sees cognitive computing as its future, it helps to go back to 2011, when IBM’s artificial intelligence, Watson, beat human players on the game show “Jeopardy”.

Winning “Jeopardy” isn’t like winning at chess. An earlier IBM artificial intelligence, Deep Blue, beat the world chess champion in 1995 by computing every possible move and picking the best option. But for Watson to even play “Jeopardy”, it had to learn natural language, understand riddles and answer questions in coherent sentences. Stuff humans do.

IBM had been researching artificial intelligence since the 1970s. But the Watson victory was a major breakthrough: If IBM could teach Watson everything it needed to know to win a complex game show, what else could it be taught?

“Part of it is showing that a computer can do things beyond crunching numbers,” Welser said. “The human mind cannot crunch numbers very well, but it does other things well, like playing games, strategy, understanding riddles and natural language, and recognising faces. So we looked at how we could get computers to do that.”

Shortly after the “Jeopardy” matches, IBM researchers, including those from its Almaden lab, taught Watson to read patent databases and medical journal abstracts. In drug research, any given molecule can have as many as 100 synonyms—brand names, generic names, different chemical strings. They taught Watson how to identify those. They also taught it context.

“If it reads the word ‘sleepy’ in a document, it has to understand whether sleepiness is the cause, effect, side effect, or if it’s what the drug is trying to stop or achieve,” Welser said.

That feature, which is part of the Watson Discovery Advisor, is now used by researchers in the pharmaceutical industry.

That’s not all that Watson has been taught.

The cognitive power that goes into Watson has also given IBM a seat at the food safety and genomic research table.

The company partnered with Mars Inc. last year to create a consortium that, in a bid to improve food safety, studies the fingerprints of bacteria, fungi and viruses and how they grow in different environments. Much of that research is being pioneered at Almaden.

IBM has partnered with the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre to enable medical researchers to use Watson to get detailed diagnostics and treatment options based on the latest cancer research.

In radiology, Watson can go through thousands of images to help doctors find MRI scans that are relevant to a diagnosis.

Watson can even be found in recruitment and marketing tools, and dating apps. The artificial intelligence can trawl through social media accounts, analyse the language people use and determine their personality traits.

To test its efficacy — and just for fun — researchers at Almaden have fed Watson scripts from the “Star Wars” movies to see if it can figure out the personality traits of characters. On the neuroticism scale, C-3PO ranks high, while Jedis tend to rank low. On the anxiety scale, C-3PO also comes in on top. When it comes to assertiveness, Yoda outranks everyone.

“It’s about understanding people better at a deeper level,” said Rama Akkiraju, an engineer at Almaden who works with the Watson group. “So if I’m trying to sell you something, I could know ahead of time what kinds of things you’re interested in, and I’d only offer you the things relevant to you.”

Not bad for a computer. Except Watson isn’t technically a computer, it’s software. It helps to think of Watson as a collection of algorithms stored in the cloud that can do different things. They can be mixed and matched to solve a problem — like an army, in which every soldier has a different skill.

It’s in these armies of algorithms, powered by faster and more efficient chips, that IBM believes its future lies.

The move has not been completely painless, though. IBM has spent the last decade going through job cuts and revenue dips. Today, it employs 377,000 people around the world, down from nearly 450,000 in 2011. In April it reported a sales drop for the 16th consecutive quarter to $18.7 billion.

In an interview with Bloomberg, IBM’s chief financial officer, Martin Schroeter, said its cognitive solutions business will have “a fair bit of ramp in order to make them sizeable and start to punch above their weight in terms of overall growth rate”.

IBM also faces increasing competition in the cognitive computing space. Google, Apple and Facebook have all invested in artificial intelligence, with algorithms assisting users with search, image and face recognition, and voice recognition (Hello, Siri!).

Even smaller start-ups making photo and music apps are teaching their algorithms to recognise images and songs, and learn from people’s usage habits.

But just like IBM saved companies from having to build their own computers and servers, it’s now hoping it can turn a profit saving companies, scientists and researchers from building their own cognitive solutions. Need help with data crunching? Genomic sequencing? Personality matching? There’s a Watson for that.

 

And it’s quite content to stay in the background this time, being the invisible backbone for consumer-facing companies. Like its Almaden lab, its contributions are hard to spot. Look carefully, though, and you’ll find it everywhere.

Google autonomous car project teams with FiatChrysler

By - May 04,2016 - Last updated at May 04,2016

 

SAN FRANCISCO — Google parent Alphabet on Tuesday announced that it has partnered with Fiat Chrysler in a major expansion of its fleet of self-driving vehicles.

The Google autonomous test fleet would be more than doubled with the addition of 100 new 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid minivans, with the companies aiming to have some on the road by the end of this year.

The collaboration with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) marks the first time that the California-based Internet giant has worked directly with an automaker to build self-driving vehicles.

“FCA will design the minivans so it’s easy for us to install our self-driving systems, including the computers that hold our self-driving software, and the sensors that enable our software to see what’s on the road around the vehicle,” the car team said in a post at the Google+ social network.

The minivan design also provides opportunity to explore the potential of large self-driving vehicles that could be used mass-transit style with features such as hands-free sliding doors for getting in or out, according to the post.

Alphabet said it was not licensing its autonomous car technology, nor would it be selling the self-driving minivans.

The move signals that Google has a particular interest in “people mover type vehicles” with the potential to autonomously shuttle passengers about in settings such as college campuses, cities or shopping districts, Kelley Blue Book analyst Karl Brauer told AFP.

“I’m confident that Google feels that is where the greatest mission potential for the autonomous vehicle is.”

Google began testing its autonomous driving technology in 2009, using a Toyota Prius equipped with the tech giant’s equipment. It now has some 70 vehicles, including Lexus cars adapted by Google and its in-house designed cars unveiled in 2014.

FCA will design and engineer minivans uniquely built for self-driving technology that Google will integrate into vehicles, according to the carmaker.

Accelerating efforts

The companies will position engineering teams at a facility in Michigan to accelerate the design, testing and manufacturing of the self-driving Chrysler Pacifica.

“The opportunity to work closely with FCA engineers will accelerate our efforts to develop a fully self-driving car that will make our roads safer and bring everyday destinations within reach for those who cannot drive,” said Google Self-Driving Car Project Chief Executive John Krafcik.

The US agency in charge of highway safety early this year provided feedback indicating that a bubble-shaped autonomous car built by Alphabet could qualify as being its own driver.

In a written response to a query from the Silicon Valley-based technology firm, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said that since the self-driving cars lacks steering wheels or other controls for humans, it is “more reasonable to identify the driver as whatever [as opposed to whoever] is doing the driving”.

While the administration’s response didn’t change rules of the road, it is seen as a green light of sorts for getting autonomous vehicles to market.

Packed starting line

Google has been testing self-driving cars on California roads for a while, and an array of automobile makers including Audi, Ford, Mercedes, Lexus, Tesla and BMW are working on building self-driving capabilities into vehicles.

FCA Chief Executive Officer Sergio Marchionne said the partnership may help boost innovation in the sector.

“The experience both companies gain will be fundamental to delivering automotive technology solutions that ultimately have far-reaching consumer benefits,” he said.

The US administration pledged in January to help clear the way for autonomous vehicles with an investment of $4 billion to fund research and testing projects.

A Chinese auto firm revealed last month that it was buying two foreign companies and their self-driving technologies for more than $1 billion.

Ningbo Joyson Electronic Corp. said it signed an agreement to buy US-based Key Safety Systems Holdings Inc.

Ningbo, which provides driver control systems to auto giants such as General Motors and Mercedes-Benz, also plans to buy the car navigation business of Germany’s TechniSat Digital GmbH.

Chinese tech giant Baidu, which has opened a California research centre for autonomous driving, has said it is planning to produce driverless cars by 2020.

 

The Alphabet-FCA collaboration could “easily encourage an Apple, an Uber or another technology company to follow the same path and work more closely with an auto maker”, according to Kelley Blue Book’s Brauer.

Silence fast

By - May 04,2016 - Last updated at May 04,2016

Fasting means depriving yourself of food and drink for a sustained period of time. Mahatma Gandhi, also called the father of our nation India, was an enthusiastic follower of this; he would go on a fast to oppose any inhuman behaviour that he saw around him. The civil disobedience, and the Quit India movements that he started against the British Raj, had him go without eating for days on end.

It was a very effective tool of protest, as it did not involve any violence other than that to one’s own self. It baffled the oppressors and completely confused them. How could they punish someone who was already punishing himself? So, without a single bullet being fired, India got freedom from its former rulers, more than six decades ago. The partition of the country and the bloodbath that ensued later, is another story altogether. 

Though I believed in the effectiveness of the concept, personally I found it very difficult to, well, not eat. However great my intentions were about fasting, come meal times, I needed to have food. I trained myself not to over-eat but I could never get myself to not eat.

Thus, abandoning that idea, I decided to go on a silence fast, which seemed so much easier to accomplish. What this meant was to take a break from speaking and generally becoming quiet. The fast of silence was different from sulking, where like all the women of my tribe, I stopped talking because of a real or perceived slight. This, on the other hand, was a voluntary act of becoming dumb for a specific interval to, sort of, calm your inner self and increase your mental strength. 

Contrary to the peace that I was looking for, almost immediately the problems started cropping up. Used to my incessant chatter, my husband was the first to react in horror at my going dumb. His initial worry was that I was distressed about something and I had to go into great lengths to explain that I was not upset. It was not easy to do because I had to mime out the entire exercise. When I could still not get the message across I grabbed a pen and paper and wrote it all down. He was not convinced even though my detailed explanation covered both sides of the writing sheet he had provided me with. Shaking his head in disbelief he left for work, forgetting to straighten his tie. Before I could point it out he disappeared from the front door. My silence fast prevented me from shouting aloud, so I kept quiet.

Thereafter, I spent a long-time reading the newspaper from cover to cover. It also gave me an excuse to not speak with anybody. Suddenly the sound of the ringing telephone rendered the air. My spouse was on the line. 

“Hello, listen,” he began. 

I nodded my head at the receiver. 

“Are you there? Hello?” he repeated. 

I picked up a pencil and tapped it on the phone.

“Our daughter wants to come home,” he explained. 

I tapped the phone twice in excitement.

“Should I book her ticket?” he asked.

I tapped repeatedly in response.

“No? Ok if that is what you want,” I heard him saying.

“Yes please,” I spoke up. 

“But didn’t you tap a no?” he wanted to know. 

“No, that was a yes,” I exclaimed. 

“Dumb response,” he muttered. 

“Don’t call me dumb,” I protested. 

 

“Don’t become one then,” he responded.

‘From dust to life and back’

By - May 03,2016 - Last updated at May 03,2016

Work from the exhibition ‘From Dust to Life and Back’ by Ivana Panizzi on display at Zara Gallery until May 11 (Photo courtesy of Zara Gallery)

AMMAN — Ivana Panizzi stays true to her avowed mission to “research and recycle non-conventional materials”, her works on display at Zara Gallery show.

The Brazilian artist exhibits photographs and installations as part of the Image Festival, a collaborative endeavour of The Institut Francais in Jordan and Darat Al Tasweer, now in its fifth edition, which usually draws important names in photography and has secured, since inception, the collaboration of several venues in Amman.

Panizzi’s works come under the provocative title “From Dust to Life and Back”, an interesting, somehow reversed, order of things that still goes full circle but in the progression dictated by the artist, who is solely responsible, as artists are, for the fate of her creations.

Her digital photographs go from small to monumental, with images of equal scale.

“Radioactive dream — trees of Kruger Park”, South Africa, is a reflection, in a perfectly symmetrical image, of white, ghostly tree branches and psychedelic brushes projected against a black background.

It is almost an X-ray image of an after nuclear blast that lingers on the retina long after seeing it, just like the effect of irradiation.

“Kelps at Cape Point”, also in South Africa, is the digital image of beautiful patterns created by intertwined branches hugging each other, huddling together, semi-putrefied — or perhaps covered with kelp?

It is a haunting photograph, like most images Panizzi creates.

Children watching a wedding procession (unseen, but declared by the artist) from a high vantage point in Mozambique are an image to behold.

Dressed in their finest, precariously perched on a concrete wall, they seem engrossed in the occasion. Three, however, became aware of the photographer’s presence and look curiously or pose with inquisitive eyes or flashing V signs.

On a “Dumping site”, again in Mozambique, people sift through the huge pile of trash, intent on salvaging whatever can be used.

Recyclers or sorts themselves, they may be some strange entrepreneurs, but are most likely the sign of a serious social problem: poverty.

More “Kelps” in South Africa assumes a shimmering blue colour, like water under a silvery full moon (or a pale setting sun).

It is a beautiful image of vastness where detritus forms geometrical patterns, becoming beautiful in the process, although it litters the pure water.

Contrasting the blue of the water, the next photograph, the “Death Valley” in the Namib Desert, is an expanse of light beige sand strewn with dry trees, eerie sculptural presences projected against a reddish dune/hill under a cloudless blue sky.

Desolate, presaging death, the landscape would be forbidding were it not for a group of people walking carefully and casually, as if a daily occurrence, through the sand.

Three images render “Hands”. Green, submerged in water and surrounded by maroon red (like consuming fire), the hand, palm up, seems to signal resignation, offering or maybe just the triumphant winning of an argument.

Smaller photos paired in two tableaux of 12 each — with each perfectly alright on its own — bring together beautiful images of marine life and parched desert that could not escape littering with modern-day objects: discarded cans, rusting metal, a bottle, a box of matches or the iconic bleached skull of an Oryx, beautiful black horns intact, who died either prey to another or of hunger in the unforgiving desert.

A Plexiglas installation on the floor holds a group of 12 images of cracked, arid soil in some desert.

Fossils (or more likely the imprint of the sole of a shoe) form strange patterns on the ochre earth, in a few instances coloured, digitally, turquoise, yellow, orange, green or dark red.

In a different room, taking the viewer by surprise, is an original installation the artist calls “in vitro”.

It is, indeed, bottles, hundreds of them, that hold digital photos of “friends, family and acquaintances”, diaphanous, transparent cut-out images immortalised in their vitreous containers.

“Bottles have always fascinated me. Beyond their multiple uses, they are constantly present in our good or bad moments, during celebrations and on special occasions.... This exhibition portrays the conceptual idea of the human effect on water and nature, natural images inside empty bottles presented as installations,” wrote the artist on the exhibition flyer.

Using these everyday practical objects to create art is original and creative.

Panizzi creates touching images of people, souls captured in a bottle for memory.

Some quietly peering from inside, others half way out, attempting to evade, the people in the photos are happy, sad, angry, resigned or determined.

They are captured in different postures — a mother hugging her child, friends embracing, fishermen with their catch, singers obviously enjoying themselves, children sad or happy, women posing for the camera.

The hundreds of images portray ethnicities, customs, states of mind, feelings and activities.

A woman has grown wings and is flying out of the bottle: an angel, a soul leaving this world.

Veiled women, all the same as the uniformity of the burqa makes them, are in corked bottles, prisoners without escape. The symbolism cannot escape the viewer.

Of all shapes and sizes (even a light bulb), the clear bottles serve an original purpose for Panizzi’s equally original art.

The artist, who is the wife of the Brazilian ambassador to Jordan, studied art at the Instituto Superior de Arte in Havana, Cuba, where, besides painting and photography, she also studied cinema and television.

Her artworks can be found in private galleries and museums in Brazil, the US, Latin America, as well as in private collections in Belgium, Bolivia, Cuba, Egypt, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mozambique, South Africa and Tanzania.

 

Gripping and thought provoking, the works will be on display until May 11.

Weight loss may limit diabetes-related brain changes

By - May 03,2016 - Last updated at May 03,2016

Losing weight may help people with diabetes limit damaging changes to the brain that can result from the disease, a US study suggests.

Researchers followed a group of diabetics for more than a decade, offering 164 of them intensive counselling with diet and exercise support designed to help them shed at least 7 per cent of their weight and keep it off. Another 155 diabetics received only a standard disease education programme. 

The counselling group lost more weight and achieved greater gains in cardiorespiratory fitness than their peers in the control group.

And, in a sign that weight loss might protect against diabetes-related brain damage, the control group had smaller volumes of grey matter and more white matter disease by the end of the study. Smaller volumes of brain tissue and the presence of white matter disease are linked to cognitive decline.

“If individuals with diabetes change their behaviour in mid-life to lose weight and increase physical activity, this can lead to long-term benefits in brain health later in life,” said lead study author Mark Espeland, a public health researcher at Wake Forest School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 

Globally, about one in nine adults have diabetes, and the disease will be the seventh leading cause of death by 2030, according to the World Health Organisation. 

Most of these people have type 2, or adult-onset, diabetes. Their bodies cannot properly use or make enough of the hormone insulin to convert blood sugar into energy. 

The brain consumes about 20 per cent of the energy the body uses, and the main source of that energy is blood sugar, Espeland said. Diabetes makes blood sugar a less reliable energy source, which can compromise brain function and lead to cognitive decline over time. 

To see if intensive lifestyle changes might counter the effect of diabetes on the brain, Espeland and colleagues offered one group of study participants intensive counselling, encouraged calorie-restricted diets with limited amounts of fats and proteins and set exercise goals of at least 175 minutes a week of moderate activity, which amounts to brisk walking. 

The counselling group participants initially had weekly sessions, followed by monthly meetings for an extended period of time. By contrast, the other group receiving just standard care was invited to attend group classes a few times a year. 

Over the first year, the intensive counselling group lost about 12 per cent of their weight on average, compared with less than 1 per cent in the control group. Cardiorespiratory fitness, or the ability to supply oxygen to the muscles during exercise, improved about 26 per cent for the counselling group over the first year, compared with 7 per cent for the others. 

While the counselling group gave back some of these initial gains over the course of the 10-year study, they still did better than the other diabetics over the long run. 

Total brain volume was similar between the two groups. But the average volume of so-called white matter hyperintensities — concentrations of white matter that represent damaged areas, which can happen with age and be worsened by diabetes — was 28 per cent lower for the counselling group than the other participants. 

Another sign of deterioration, the average volume of fluid-filled cavities called ventricles, was 9 per cent lower for the counselling group than for the others. 

Overall, both groups had similar cognitive function at the end of the study, although the counselling group performed better on tests of attention and processing speed.

One limitation is that researchers didn’t look at other factors that might lead to better diabetes control and potentially protect the brain, such as blood pressure, sleep apnoea, depression, medication use and inflammation, the authors note in the journal Diabetes Care.

Still, weight loss and other lifestyle changes reduce high glucose levels that are toxic to the brain, Dr Caterina Rosano, a researcher at the University of Pittsburgh who wasn’t involved in the study, said by e-mail.

 

“The results from this and other studies suggest that a healthy lifestyle with appropriate diet, exercise and cognitive stimulation may help preserve brain function and structure in diabetics over pharmacological treatment alone,” Dr Joe Verghese, the director of the Montefiore-Einstein Centre for the Aging Brain said by e-mail.

Dodge Charger SRT 392: Accessible and refined brute

By - May 02,2016 - Last updated at May 02,2016

Photo courtesy of Dodge

Part of a heavily revised Dodge Charger line-up introduced for 2015, the SRT 392 receives a slight power hike and new gearbox to go with its new look. While it may no longer be top dog in the Charger line-up, the SRT 392 is just as focused but more easily tamed, accessible and affordable to own.

With the introduction of the delightfully madcap and much celebrated world’s most powerful regular production saloon 707BHP SRT Hellcat stealing the SRT 392’s limelight, the latter becomes a somewhat junior or entry-level super saloon. However, despite incremental improvements to the SRT 392 — especially the new 8-speed gearbox — add up to considerable performance, versatility and drivability improvements.

Sculpted and dramatic

Extensively and incrementally upgraded, the Charger’s platform is based on the same Mercedes-Benz derived rear-drive independent suspension full-size saloon underpinning inherited in 2005 during the DaimlerChrysler corporate merger period. However, the latest Charger ditches its predecessors’ heavily retro-influenced design focused on a prominent crosshair grille for a more contemporary and yet more aggressive fascia.

A more aggressive take on the Charger’s facelifted design with new slim grille and rounded LED headlights and heavily browed face, the SRT 392 is a more athletic take on an already assertive design, if not quite as dramatic as the Hellcat version. Sculpted and chiselled, the SRT 392’s body is complemented with a prominent bulging air scoop, sans the Hellcat’s adjacent twin extraction vents.

Athletic and urgent, the vast 5.1-metre long Charger SRT 392 sits somewhat low at little under 1.5 metres with a rakishly slanted roofly descending down to high-set rear deck. With an undoubtedly moody and hungry appearance, with huge low-mounted and wide grille with blacked-out bumper segment, sharp front apron and rear diffuser.

Naturally responsive

Powered by Dodge’s most powerful non-supercharged V8 engine, the SRT 392’s enormous yet compactly designed cast iron block and aluminium head 6.4-litre 16-valve OHV engine is as traditional yet effective as American engines get. And while it might seem to pale next to the supercharged 6.2-litre Hellcat’s 707BHP output, it its rich, eager and thumping output is anything but modest.

With most super saloons now employing super- or turbo-charged forced induction to achieve output north of 500BHP, the SRT 392 is a welcome change and is among the last to retain natural-aspiration. Brutal yet progressive, the SRT 392 benefits from a rich yet incremental current of torque underwriting its performance, but crucially and eagerly builds to a top-end crescendo of power.

Developing a ferocious 485BHP on tap by 6000rpm and thumping 475lb/ft torque at 4200rpm and capable of 0-100km/h in roughly 4.5 seconds, the SRT 392, however, also benefits from responsive and accurate throttle response, in addition to progressive torque and power delivery. This allows one more confidence and precision when feeding power to the driven rear wheels, when cornering.

Tidy and reassuring

With its more progressive naturally aspirated engine, the SRT 392 can put power down more easily without sudden break of traction and unwanted electronic stability control overrides through corners. Meanwhile, a new slick 8-speed automatic gearbox, in place of its predecessor’s 5-speed, allows for better dispersed and closer ratios, for quicker acceleration, mid-range versatility and cruising refinement and efficiency. 

Riding on double wishbone front and multi-link rear suspension, the SRT 392 rides smooth and firm yet forgiving, as tested on the Yas Marina Formula One circuit in Abu Dhabi. With quick precise 2.56-turn lock-to-lock electric-assisted steering and near-ideal 54:46 front-to-rear weighting, it turns in tidier and feels more alert that its 2-tonne weight would suggest.

Sitting in between the 5.7-litre R/T and brutal Hellcat in Dodge’s Charger model range, the SRT 392 is crisper, tidier, more connected and controlled and more engaging to drive than the former. And with more progressive delivery is easier to control and a more accessible drive than the latter, and benefits from the same huge ventilated perforated disc brakes.

Space and refinement

An accessible brute with good body control and lateral grip through corners owing to its long wheelbase and grippy 275/40ZR20 tyres, the Charger SRT 392 also features an electronic limited slip rear differential to allocate power where needed. Reassuringly stable and refined at high speed, it also felt settled and composed on rebound.

Well-insulated from noise, vibration or harshness, the SRT 392 features supportive well-adjustable and grippy Alcantara seats, and with tilt and reach contoured sports steering adjustability, one easily find a good driving position, even wearing a helmet. Spaciously comfortable inside, the Charger provides particularly good rear legroom and width, while boot space is generous at 467-litre volume.

 

Featuring a driver-tilted console and tasteful cabin design using good quality materials, the SRT 392 is also thoroughly well-equipped with driver assistance, convenience, safety and infotainment features. In addition to user-friendly controls, it features a 7-inch instrument display screen and intuitive 8.4-inch screen Uconnect infotainment system, from where driving modes can be accessed. An extensive list of standard and optional features also usefully includes parking assistance.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Engine: 6.4-litre, cast iron block/aluminium head, in-line V8 cylinders

Bore x Stroke: 103.9 x 94.5mm

Compression ratio: 10.9:1

Valve-train: 16-valve, OHV, variable valve timing

Gearbox: 8-speed automatic, rear-wheel drive, electronic limited-slip differential

Gear ratios: 1st 4.7 2nd 3.13 3rd 2.10 4th 1.67 5th 1.28 6th 1.0 7th 0.84 8th 0.67

Reverse/final drive ratios: 3.53/3.09

Power, BHP (PS) [kW]: 485 (492) [362] @6000rpm

Specific power: 75.8BHP/litre

Power-to-weight: 242.5BHP/tonne

Torque lb/ft (Nm): 475 (644) @4200rpm

Specific torque: 100.35Nm/litre

Torque-to-weight: 322Nm/tonne

Rev limit: 6400rpm

0-100km/h: approximately 4.5 seconds

Fuel consumption, city/highway: 15.7/9.4l/100km

Fuel capacity: 70 litres

Fuel requirement: 95RON

Length: 5100mm

Width: 1905mm 

Height: 1480mm

Wheelbase: 3058mm

Track, F/R: 1625/1618mm

Ground clearance: 116mm

Kerb weight: 2000kg

Weight distribution, F/R: 54 per cent/46 per cent

Aerodynamic drag co-efficiency: 0.335

Headroom, F/R: 981/930mm

Legroom, F/R: 1061/1019mm

Shoulder room, F/R: 1510/1472mm

Hip room, F/R: 1428/1425mm

Cargo volume: 467 litres

Steering: Electric-assisted rack & pinion

Turning circle: 11.6 metres

Lock-to-lock: 2.56 turns

Suspension F/R: Unequal double wishbones/multi-link

Brakes, F/R: Ventilated perforated discs 390 x 34mm/350 x 28mm

Brake callipers, F/R: 6-/4 pistons

 

Tyres: 275/40ZR20

Microsoft takes the long view on smartphone reboot

By - May 02,2016 - Last updated at May 02,2016

Photo courtesy of wordpress.com

 

SEATTLE — Microsoft, after failing to build a smartphone hub to rival Google or Apple, is trying to change the conversation.

At Microsoft Build, the company’s trade show for software developers, held earlier this year, executives touted ambitions in artificial-intelligence-powered chat bots, cloud computing and other technologies. Barely mentioned as the company outlined its annual technology roadmap was the device in your pocket.

Microsoft’s silence on its smartphones, one technology-industry analyst who attended the conference said, was deafening. It was also symbolic.

The company has spent years and billions of dollars in an effort to replicate its dominance in PC software and move it to smartphones, a realm dominated by Apple’s iPhone and devices using Google’s free-to-use Android operating system.

Microsoft’s ill-fated deal to buy Nokia’s phone business, finalised two years ago, didn’t improve the company’s fortunes. Just 1.1 per cent of smartphones sold during the last three months of 2015 ran the mobile version of Windows, according to researcher Gartner. That’s the lowest quarterly total since Microsoft’s overhauled smartphone business debuted in 2010.

After the Nokia debacle, which included a $7.6 billion write-down and thousands of lay-offs, yet another corporate reboot is under way. “They’ve conceded that they’ve lost the battle for smartphone-operating systems,” said Ed Maguire, who tracks the company at CLSA, a brokerage firm. “After fighting that war for so many years, and watching Nokia go down in flames, nobody would take them seriously if they tried to promote Windows Phone at this point.”

For many people, smartphones have supplanted the PC, Microsoft’s comfort zone, as their primary computing tool. For the company to remain relevant in a world increasingly dominated by such mobile computing, Microsoft cannot ignore the smartphone, analysts say.

Whether that means Microsoft keeps plugging away on its own smartphone platform remains to be seen.

Chief Executive Satya Nadella has said Microsoft remains committed to the smartphone business. Recently, that has been revealed most often as a commitment to other people’s smartphones.

Microsoft has expanded its efforts to make its Office, developer and cloud-computing tools relevant for users of Apple and Google devices. Consumers might have little interest in a Windows smartphone, but many have tapped into Microsoft’s software on the device they do own.

The company also has courted businesses with its cross-platform push.

In a display of that shift, a BMW executive took the stage at Microsoft’s developer show to tout an application the automaker had created for Apple smartphones.

Microsoft’s role? The company’s Azure data-centre network is the infrastructure powering BMW’s app behind the scenes.

“That was the change in thinking that [Nadella] brought to the table,” said Manuel Medina, who spent years in Microsoft’s mobile division before founding Seattle software start-up Outreach. “Instead of having to force somebody to be in the Microsoft ecosystem, they go meet users where they are.”

Maguire said Microsoft’s recognition of its mobile hurdles has led to a reordering of the priorities of the Seattle-area company.

Azure, the fast-growing cloud-computing network, Office, and desktop variants of Windows seem to be the priorities, he said, adding “phone has kind of gone to the back of the line”.

For its own smartphone business, Microsoft is playing the long game.

With Windows 10, Microsoft has an operating system designed to run on everything from laptops to mobile devices and small industrial sensors. The company is betting that consumers will, at some point, stop viewing the smartphone as a separate category of hardware.

A Windows 10 feature called Continuum converts a smartphone’s interface into a limited PC-style desktop view when plugged into a keyboard and monitor. The tool envisions the time when small, portable processors can handle all of the tasks people now associate with a desktop computer.

It might not matter that Microsoft is a minnow on smartphones, the thinking goes, if the line between smartphones and bigger devices blurs in the same way the division between tablets and laptops eroded after the company introduced its Surface tablets.

“Three years from now, I hope that people will look and say, ‘Oh wow, that’s right, this is a phone that can also be a PC,’” Nadella said of Windows 10 smartphones in an interview with Business Insider.

For now, however, the smartphone is clearly a distinct and dominant device.

Gartner estimates 1.5 billion of them will sell this year. The research firm pegs sales of PCs, including tablets and other large-screen portable devices, at 473 million. 

Microsoft, like the rest of the smartphone-industry incumbents, was unprepared for the overwhelming popularity accorded to the iPhone after it was introduced in 2007.

Apple made the iPhone a sleek, must-have for consumers in a market until that point made up largely of stodgy business-focused devices. Google’s Android, released a year later, offered phone manufacturers interested in an iPhone-like experience a free alternative, as long as they plugged in to Google’s services.

Developers building everything from mobile banking apps to retail storefronts and games followed consumers to those platforms, usually choosing to forgo the costly step of releasing versions for laggards like Windows Phone or BlackBerry.

Microsoft has been playing catch-up ever since. It took the company three years after the introduction of the iPhone to develop its mobile Windows variant into something that rivaled the Apple experience.

Now, after pulling the plug on Nokia, Microsoft has indicated it will stop trying to out-iPhone the iPhone. 

For now, Microsoft is still trying to narrow the app gap that Windows smartphones face versus Google and Apple.

Windows 10 comes with a programming interface designed to make it less costly for companies that have created a desktop programme to repurpose that software to run on smartphones, as well as on the Xbox game console and other devices.

Get enough people running Windows 10, and eventually application makers might take a second look at the smartphone variant, Microsoft hopes.

NPR One, an application from the public-radio network, is that vision in action. The app, which puts listeners into a stream of their favourite local and national radio shows with just a couple of touches, debuted in 2014 for Android and iOS.

This year, with help from Virginia-based software developer InfernoRed, NPR One arrived on Windows 10 PCs, and, after some minor modifications to its visual layout, on Windows 10 smartphones. Soon, it will be available on Xbox game consoles.

There’s one problem with this virtuous circle, though. It was Microsoft that suggested NPR take its app to Windows. Microsoft helped foot the bill.

“That sort of approach is kind of a perennial tactic,” said Jeffrey Hammond, an analyst with Forrester who follows developers. “They’ve done it for years. You take the 100 most used apps [on iOS and Android], and you’re more aggressive to [give them an incentive to come] over.”

But even Microsoft’s industry-renowned developer-relations team, said to number in the hundreds, hasn’t been able to maintain attention on a smartphone platform that lacks a large consumer base.

High-profile companies like American Airlines, Chase Bank, and popular finance tracking service Mint have pulled their applications from Windows smartphones.

 

“Other than just paying people to develop apps I don’t know how you fix that at this point,” Medina, ex-Microsoft, said.

Kids with more daily stress have more nightly asthma awakenings

By - Apr 30,2016 - Last updated at Apr 30,2016

Photo courtesy of success4yourchild.com

 

A stressful day may make a child more prone to an asthma attack that night — with worse than usual asthma symptoms the next day as well, a small US study suggests. 

“Nocturnal asthma is an area that patients often talk about but there’s not a lot of research in child nocturnal asthma,” said lead author Dr Caroline C. Horner of the Department of Paediatrics at Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children’s Hospital in Missouri.

“When people talk about stressors they usually talk about big life events, traumatic experiences,” but she wanted to look at daily life and the anxiety of a bad day at school or an unexpected test, Horner told Reuters Health. 

For about 12 weeks, 46 children with diagnosed asthma and their caregivers filled out daily diary cards with 42 items addressing night-time awakening for asthma or other reasons, and measures of parental and child stress. 

Children answered the question “how was your day today?” by choosing very bad, bad, good or very good, and rated their feelings during the day by circling happy or sad faces. 

“The global question was really how was your day, based on things that would happen routinely that might add up to being stressful,” Horner said.

Caregivers recorded use of the asthma drugs albuterol and prednisone, school absences and doctor’s visits, and answered questions about their own family, home, job and financial demands. 

During the three-month study, about 60 per cent of kids had at least one night-time awakening due to asthma. Four out of five children had at least one nighttime awakening for another reason. 

Overall, younger kids and those who used an asthma controller more often had more frequent asthma awakenings, according to the results in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 

Kids rated their day as “very bad” on less than 2 per cent of days — most were good or very good. Awakening with asthma was more likely at night after days rated very bad, bad or good compared to very good days, regardless of medication use that day.

“Daily global stress was rated as very bad and bad on 1.4 per cent and 4.2 per cent of days, respectively,” said Bhupendrasinh Chauhan of the College of Pharmacy at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada, who was not part of the new study. 

“I doubt that the questionnaire was not influenced by child’s parent[s], at least in the pragmatic scenario,” Chauhan told Reuters Health by e-mail.

The sample size was also very small, so this study may be a base to conduct a larger prospective clinical study to establish the association of stress with asthma, Chauhan said. 

The day after an asthma awakening, kids used more albuterol and prednisone, had more missed school days and more contact with doctors than on other days, the authors found. 

“If you rated your day as anything other than very good, you were twice as likely to awaken with asthma symptoms,” Horner noted. 

Stress may activate the steroids that turn on immune cells called “mast cells” in your lungs, she said. Mast cells release histamines during allergic reactions.

“It may be similar to an allergic reaction but not exactly the same,” Horner said. 

 

Lung function is lowest in the middle of the night, and with the added factor of asthma lung function is even lower, she said. Though the night-time awakenings in themselves aren’t dangerous, “if you wake up at night you’re more likely to have things the next day that signal difficulty”, she said. 

Princess Fahrelnissa: ‘One in a million’

By - Apr 30,2016 - Last updated at Apr 30,2016

Fahrelnissa and I: A Memoir
Janset Berkok Shami
Istanbul: Cinius Publishing House, 2016
Pp. 134

This is the story of a friendship between two remarkable women, and the creativity and just plain fun it inspired. It is also an interesting example of the difference between memoir and straight biography or autobiography. While Janset Berkok Shami imparts much information about the life of the late Princess Fahrelnissa Zeid (and her own), it is not recounted chronologically, but anecdotally and impressionistically — as she remembers events and reflects on them a quarter of a century later. 

As an example, early on in the book, the reader sees Fahrelnissa through the “bewildered” eyes of workers digging a ditch in front of Shami’s new house in Tla’il Ali, which the princess is visiting for the first time. “A tall, large lady with dyed black hair steps out of the Chevrolet… her hair is puffed up and her face has layers of make-up on it. She is wearing a shocking-pink suit. Rings are sparkling on her fingers, heavy necklaces are dangling from her neck.” (p. 21)

And she is throwing candies in fancy wrappings in every direction! In this one incident, Shami conveys Fahrelnissa’s flamboyance and extravagant generosity, for candies were not all she brought. Her house-warming present was a watercolour of Prince Raad as a boy, sitting in the garden of his grandparents’ home in Istanbul. “All through the years Fahrelnissa’s gifts of paintings have filled my heart with gratitude, yet none of them had a deeper effect on me. That painting made me feel as if I were a member of her family.” (p. 22)

When Fahrelnissa settled in Jordan in her later years to be near her son, Their Royal Highnesses Prince Raad, his wife, Princess Majda, introduced her to Shami. Of course, the two women were drawn to each other by their common Turkish origins, but it was much more than that. Art was a major meeting point; Fahrelnissa became Shami’s art teacher, and the two shared an interest in culture in the broadest sense, but there was still more. “It was the kind of relationship… that makes you share your inner thoughts and deep secrets,” confides Shami. (p. 18)

Besides her extensive taped interviews with Fahrelnissa, and discussions with Prince Raad and Princess Majda, Shami relies on “A Turkish Tapestry”, the book written by Shirin, Fahrelnissa’s daughter, including a poem she wrote for her mother’s 86th birthday with the somewhat cryptic line: “Nine foxes roam within your head.” (p. 60)

Knowing Fahrelnissa as she did, Shami recognises these foxes as the creative, fun-loving impulses “that made Fahrelnissa who she was — an extraordinary artist and a hostess of unforgettable parties in London and Berlin. The foxes even provided her with some playful ideas, like giving faces to pebbles and turning chicken bones into statuettes”. (p. 60)

Shami reveals the impetus behind the “chicken bone” art, as well as milestones in Fahrelnissa’s personal life, such as how she met her husband, Prince Zeid, when he was the Iraqi ambassador to Turkey, and moved with him to man the Iraqi embassies in London and Berlin after they married. 

Several chapters are devoted to the exponential development and recognition of Fahrelnissa’s art, her exhibitions around the world, and what other artists and European and Turkish art critics wrote in tribute to her unique and innovative talent, which combined specifically Eastern with universal elements. 

Yet, beyond all the aesthetic accomplishments, it was love, empathy and zest for life that bound these two women and their families together, and Shami acknowledges Fahrelnissa’s great heart as the source of these qualities. “I believe that God… has been selective in his distribution of hearts. Only one in a million people received a great loving heart, like the one He bestowed on Fahrelnissa.” (p. 64)

At the conclusion of the text are over seventy additional pages of photos and other images, ranging from pictures of Fahrelnissa in her youth to reproductions of paintings, art exhibitions, parties and other events in the two women’s shared lives. And the story doesn’t end here. In the process of prodding her memory to reawaken Fahrelnissa’s presence, Shami determined to write a memoir of her own life, so another fascinating book is in the making, and we will surely encounter Fahrelnissa once again in its pages, as her rich and varied legacy lives on.

“Fahrelnissa and I” is available at the University Bookshop at Gardens Street.

 

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