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It is time to wear a better mask, experts warn

By - Feb 09,2021 - Last updated at Feb 09,2021

AFP photo

WASHINGTON — As new, more transmissible variants of the coronavirus spread, experts say it’s time to consider using a medical-grade respirator, or wearing a surgical and cloth mask together.

Scientists have agreed for some time the main way the virus is spread is through the air, rather than surfaces, and there’s growing evidence that small droplets from ordinary breathing and speech that can travel many metres are a common mode of transmission.

Added to this is the greater contagiousness of emerging variants, like B.1.1.7, which takes a smaller viral load to cause symptomatic COVID-19 compared to the more common strain.

 

Fit and filtration

 

Back when authorities first recommended people wear face coverings, proper masks were in extremely short supply and the public was encouraged to fashion makeshift solutions out of T-shirts or bandanas. But these are far from ideal.

Linsey Marr, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Virginia Tech, who studies airborne disease transmission, told AFP: “How well a mask works depends on two things: filtration and fit. 

“Good filtration removes as many particles as possible, and a good fit means that there are no leaks around the sides of your mask, where air — and viruses — can leak through,” she said, adding even a small gap could lead to a 50 per cent reduction in performance.

The best materials for blocking small particles include non-woven polypropylene, which is used to make N95s and many surgical-type masks, and the HEPA filters in planes. Among fabrics, tightly woven cotton works best, she added.

 

Doubling up

 

“If you wear a cloth mask, choose one that has multiple layers, ideally one with a pocket that you can slip a good filter material into”, said Marr. “Or you can double mask by wearing a surgical-type mask with a tight-fitting cloth mask over it.”

Surgical masks are made of material that filters things out well, but they tend to be loose, so adding a cloth mask on top holds down the edges and reduces leaks.

Adding an additional layer improves filtration — if one layer traps 50 per cent of all particles, combining two gets to 75 per cent.

But, she added: “We do not recommend wearing more than two masks. Adding more layers proves diminishing returns and can compromise breathability. It must remain easy to breathe through the layers; otherwise, air is more likely to leak in around the sides of the mask.”

Masks that have a metal nose bridge help ensure a snug fit, as do straps that tighten around the head, not just the ears. Braces that improve the fit of surgical masks are now available on the market.

“You should feel the mask sucking inward when you breathe in, and if you hold your hands around the sides of the mask, you should not feel any air leaking out when you breathe out,” said Marr.

 

Medical-grade respirators

 

Another option is getting hold of N95s, or their international equivalents such as KN95, FFP2 etc.

“They all provide a similar level of filtration, meaning protection of particles going in and out,” Ranu Dhillon, a global health physician at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School.

Dhillon, who has been advocating in favour of better masks since last spring, is frustrated by the lack of clear messaging to the public on the value of better masks. 

What’s more, “there’s not been a concerted push to really mass produce and mass distribute these higher calibre masks”.

Healthcare workers have their masks professionally fit-tested every year to ensure they’re making the right seal, but Dhillon doesn’t see this as a major obstacle.

“To teach people to fit a mask, even if not 100 per cent perfectly, but more effectively, is something that’s very doable.”

 

Masks in our future?

 

The key to conceptualising the threat is to think of cigarette smoke, said Donald Milton, a professor of environmental health at the University of Maryland.

Ventilation definitely helps, but if you’re between a person who is breathing and an exhaust vent, the virus will still reach you — which makes good masks so crucial, he said.

Milton and Dhillon are cautiously optimistic that their pleas could soon become policy under the administration of President Joe Biden, and CNN reported last week the US government was working on the first official mask standards.

Prior to the pandemic, Milton and other aerosol scientists studying the flu concluded it too is transmitted from tiny droplets from ordinary speaking and breathing, and that the role of sneezing, coughing and transmission from surfaces was smaller than thought.

Their findings stirred controversy at the time, but COVID-19 has renewed interest in the research — meaning masks could be a common sight during tough flu seasons, long after the pandemic has receded.

Mitsubishi L200 2.4 DID Double Cab 4WD: Newfound dramatic sensibility

By - Feb 08,2021 - Last updated at Feb 08,2021

Photo courtesy of Mitsubishi

A long time popular player in the increasingly prolific mixed work, play and daily drive compact pick-up segment that accounts for around 90 per cent of Middle East truck sales, the latest generation Mitsubishi L200 is a radically re-imagined design refresh. Chunkier, bolder and far more confidently jutting than its discreetly styled predecessor, the new L200 made quite the impression, and even won the 2020 Middle East Car of the Year awards’ best Midsize Truck category over the deeply impressive Ford Ranger and Toyota Hilux segment stalwart.

 

Macho makeover

 

A ruggedly tough, reliable and attainably priced workhorse, the L200 newly adopted and somewhat extrovert design theme however better integrates it with Mitsubishi’s increasingly SUV-heavy line-up and the Japanese manufacturer’s new design themes, as meanwhile old favourites like the long-serving Pajero SUV are also discontinued to make way for newer replacements. Formerly understated with its sloping bonnet and clear sightlines, the new L200 however now boasts a hyper-assertive high rise aesthetic and bonnet line, to rival increasingly more aggressively designed competitors in the mostly Japanese brand dominated segment.

Something of a major design facelift over the previous L200 circa 2015, the new L200 is a far more rugged look, with its brutish new ‘Dynamic Shield’ design language, comprised of a huge, dominant and upright assembly of deep-set side lights and vast lower air intake flanked by chrome strips. Atop this dramatic fascia are the new L200’s slim swept back single-slat grille and headlights. The L200 also features more freshened up rear lights, more angular wheel arches replacing the outgoing model’s rounded arches, and other elements.

 

Generous output

 

Powered by a choice of three inline four-cylinder engines, including two work-truck oriented detuned 2.5-litre turbo-diesels and a single naturally-aspirated 2.4-litre petrol through official regional importers, the L200 is also available with more powerful diesel variants that can be independently imported. One such mid power variant of the L200’s DOHC turbocharged 2.4-litre four-cylinder diesel engine develops 151BHP at 3,500rpm and a massive 280lb/ft throughout a broad 1,500-2,500rpm rev range. Reliably tough with its chain-driven timing, it is a relatively smooth diesel without too much diesel clatter.

Low-revving and designed to deliver generous low- to mid-range torque for effortless hauling, towing and off-road driving as trucks in this segment generally are, the L200 nevertheless offers a wider torque sweet spot than expected, and is relatively quick to overcomes the initial moment of turbo lag inertia typical to such diesels at idling engine speed. A flexible and muscularly willing cruiser in mid-range, the L200 2.4 DID charges quite happily through to higher rev maximum power, and is able to achieve a 173km/h top speed.

 

Intuitive ability

 

Hauling its 1,930kg mass through the 0-100km/h benchmark in a reasonably quick for its class 12.5-seconds or less, the L200 2.4 DID delivers power to its solid rear axle or all four wheels through a choice of either, slick shifting accurate manual with intuitive clutch biting point, or smooth automatic 6-speed gearboxes. Driving the rear normally, the L200 can engage four-wheel-drive for additional traction and grip when necessary, and features a low gear transfer mode for high power 4WD driving at crawling pace for more demanding conditions and inclines.

For more treacherous conditions, the L200 also features a locking centre differential to significantly improve traction over loose surfaces, whether in high or low gear ratios, Meanwhile, Big 265/60R18 tyres well match its chunky aesthetic, and provide plenty of traction. A capable off-roader with generous 220mm ground clearance, the L200 delivers 30° approach, 24° break-over, and 45° side slope off-road angles — unchanged from its predecessor — allowing it to easily traverse rutted routes and uneven surfaces. A 22° departure angle is, however, slightly less than the previous model.

 

Rugged and refined

 

Built using rugged body-on-chassis construction with independent front double wishbone and tough live axle, leaf spring rear suspension, the L200 takes minor and more substantial road imperfections in its stride, but can be slightly bouncy at the rear when not loaded. Manoeuvrable through snaking roads with its light steering providing good in-segment precision, feel and eager, alert turn-in, the L200 is also slightly narrower and shorter in wheelbase than many competitors. Balanced through corners but with slight body lean, the L200 is meanwhile confident, settled and stable on motorways.

Refined inside and with reassuring braking and decent road views for its class, the L200 is easy to manoeuvre and place on road, despite its now higher bonnet and slightly reduced visibility. The L200’s double cab four-door, five-seat cabin is comfortable and spacious, inside, with good headroom and driving position, big side mirrors, easy access and intuitive uncomplicated controls and layouts, and delivers generous cargo capacity. Pleasantly unpretentious inside, up-market variants receive better upholstering and trim, and higher equipment and convenience features.

 

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Engine: 2.4-litre, in-line turbo-diesel 4-cylinders

Valve-train: DOHC, common-rail injection

Gearbox: 6-speed manual, four-wheel-drive

Driveline: low gear transfer, locking centre differential

Power, BHP (PS) [kW]: 151 (154) [113] @3,500rpm

Specific power: 61.8BHP/litre

Power-to-weight: 78.2BHP/tonne

Torque, lb/ft (Nm): 280 (380) @1,500-2,500rpm

Specific torque: 155.6Nm/litre

Torque-to-weight: 196.9Nm/tonne

0-100km/h: 12.5-seconds (estimate)

Top speed: 173km/h

Fuel consumption, urban/extra-urban/combined: 9-/7-/7.7-litres/100km

Fuel capacity: 75-litres

Length: 5,225mm

Width: 1,815mm

Height: 1,795mm

Wheelbase: 3,000mm

Track: 1,520

Overhang, F/R: 885/1,340mm

Minimum ground clearance: 220mm

Loading floor height: 865mm (estimate)

Cargo bed length/width/height: 1,520/1,470/475mm

Approach angle: 30° (estimate)

Break-over angle: 24° (estimate)

Departure angle: 22° (estimate)

Side slope angle: 45° (estimate)

Kerb weight: 1,930kg

Gross vehicle weight: 2,850kg

Towing capacity, braked: 3,100kg

Suspension, F/R: Double wishbones/live axle, leaf springs

Steering: Power-assisted rack & pinion

Turning circle: 11.8-metres

Brakes, F/R: Ventilated discs, 320mm/drums, 294mm

Tyres: 265/60R18

 

Is stress making me overweight?

By - Feb 07,2021 - Last updated at Feb 07,2021

Photo courtesy of Family Flavours magazine

By Ayah Murad
Clinical Dietician

 

For most of us, stress is a fact of life. Unfortunately, research reveals that it’s also a fact of fat!

Nutrient imbalance and deficiencies in critical vitamins and minerals can increase levels of stress and anxiety. Sticking to a diet rich in fermented yoghurt, oily fish, fruits and vegetables – B vitamins (thiamine and B6) omega-3, choline and probiotics is key to reducing general anxiety and stress. Here are more tips:

• Eating small, frequent, healthy snacks

• Drinking plenty of liquids

• Having warm soups especially at mid-day like mushroom soup with coconut milk (Vitamin D plays a role in feeling happy)

• Having a fist-size portion of magnesium-rich dried cranberries, prunes, almonds, walnuts and pumpkin seeds with a slice of fruit and some yoghurt once a day, between meals, helps control appetite and make you feel better 

• Snacking on oranges, grapefruit and other citrus fruits is a great way to get your vitamin C, which studies reveal reduces stress levels 

• Eating spinach, eggs and chickpeas can help us produce relaxing hormones. I like mashed chickpeas with avocado and two teaspoons of olive oil with a dash of Himalayan salt as a spread for my sandwiches — it’s not only yummy but will also make you smile!

• Switching up your snacks and meals to enjoy the benefits of a varied diet and filling your plate with colour will reduce inflammation by providing antioxidants and enhancing your mood

• Drinking cacao instead of coffee can reduce your cortisol hormones and provide you with magnesium, especially when taken in the morning on an empty stomach

 

Small changes to your diet can make a huge difference in reducing stress and regaining control of your body.

 

Two major stress types

 

• Acute stress affects all of us from time to time, like meeting a deadline or studying for an exam. This type of stress can be good for our performance by helping us accomplish tasks more efficiently

• Chronic stress builds up when exposed to a high-pressure situation over an extended period. It affects appetite, digestion and fat and sugar cravings, leading to a negative effect on weight. It also puts one at risk of developing depression, low immunity and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes

 

Reprinted with permission from Family Flavours magazine

Empire-builder Bezos looks beyond Amazon to other ventures

By - Feb 06,2021 - Last updated at Feb 06,2021

Jeff Bezos is seen at the Amazon headquarters in Seattle, Washington, in early 2018 (AFP photo by Jason Redmond)

WASHINGTON — Starting three decades ago in his garage, Jeff Bezos built one of the world’s most successful business empires — and became the richest person on the planet.

Now Bezos is turning to new challenges, giving up his role as chief executive of the technology giant to focus his energy on other business and philanthropic ventures.

Now 57, Bezos founded Amazon in 1994 and went on to grow it into a colossus that dominates online retail, with operations in streaming music and television, groceries, cloud computing, robotics, artificial intelligence and more.

Bezos announced he would transition to executive chair at the company he founded more than 26 years earlier and hand over the job of chief executive to Andy Jassy, who heads the cloud computing unit AWS.

“This journey began some 27 years ago,” Bezos said in a letter to Amazon employees.

“As much as I still tap dance into the office, I’m excited about this transition,” he wrote.

In announcing the news, Bezos said he would remain engaged at Amazon but also devote time to his other businesses include The Washington Post newspaper and the private space firm Blue Origin.

He also will concentrate on his philanthropy efforts which include his Day One Fund and the Bezos Earth Fund, to which he made a $10 billion donation last year.

“I’ve never had more energy, and this isn’t about retiring. I’m super passionate about the impact I think these organisations can have,” he wrote.

The move by Bezos comes after his ex-wife MacKenzie Scott had seized the spotlight in the philanthropic arena by pl edging to give away the majority of her wealth to social causes, starting with nearly $6 billion last year to a variety of organisations chosen with the help of advisers.

 

Transforming, innovating

 

Jeff Bezos’s stake in Amazon gives him a personal worth of some $196 billion, making him the world’s richest individual, ahead of Tesla founder Elon Musk who briefly held that distinction.

The stunning rise of Amazon has come amid a rapid global expansion and taking risks with its investments and innovation.

“It is hard to believe that Mr Bezos only founded the company some 26 years ago,” said analyst Neil Saunders of the research firm GlobalData.

“Into that short period has been crammed a whole lifetime of innovation and entrepreneurship which have transformed not only the company’s fortunes but the whole shape and configuration of the retail sector.”

“Its relentless focus on the customer and its constant pursuit of finding better ways of doing business made it not only a survivor but a leader of the internet age.” 

 

In the headlines

 

Bezos has been in the headlines in recent years not only for his business success, but for his 2019 divorce from MacKenzie, his wife of 25 years, and a blackmail attempt which he decided to make public.

He stood up to the National Enquirer, controlled by then-president Donald Trump’s ally David Pecker, who threatened to release lurid, intimate photos of Bezos and his mistress, by making details of the exchanges public himself.

“If in my position I can’t stand up to this kind of extortion, how many people can?” Bezos wrote on Medium.

 

Road to riches

 

Bezos’s penchant for experimenting reportedly dates to a young age — with one widely shared story recounting how he tried to dismantle his own crib as a toddler.

His mother was a teenager when she gave birth to Bezos in Albuquerque, New Mexico, on January 12, 1964.

She remarried when her son was about four years old, and he was legally adopted by his Cuban immigrant stepfather who worked as an engineer at a petrochemical company.

“My dad came here from Cuba all by himself without speaking English when he was 16 years old, and has been kicking ass ever since,” Bezos said in a Father’s Day tweet.

Bezos was enchanted by computer science when the IT industry was in its infancy and he studied engineering at Princeton University.

After graduating, he put his skills to work on Wall Street, where by 1990 he had risen to be a senior vice president at investment firm D.E. Shaw

But about four years later he surprised peers by leaving his high-paid position, backed by money borrowed from his parents, to open an online bookseller called Amazon.com.

Looking back at the journey so far, he offered this advice in his parting letter to staff: “Keep inventing, and don’t despair when at first the idea looks crazy.”

 

Oxford to run trial alternating Covid-19 vaccines

By - Feb 04,2021 - Last updated at Feb 04,2021

AFP photo

LONDON — Oxford University announced on Thursday it will launch a medical trial alternating doses of COVID-19 vaccines created by different manufacturers, the first study of its kind.

The trial will show whether different Covid doses — those created by the Astrazeneca and Pfizer/BioNTech pharmaceutical companies — can be used interchangeably to allow greater flexibility in pressured vaccine delivery schedules.

The British government's Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Jonathan Van-Tam, said the trial would offer "greater insight" into the use of vaccines against Covid.

"Given the inevitable challenges of immunising large numbers of the population against COVID-19 and potential global supply constraints, there are definite advantages to having data that could support a more flexible immunisation programme," Van-Tam said.

"It is also even possible that by combining vaccines, the immune response could be enhanced giving even higher antibody levels that last longer," he added.

The 13-month study will compare different combinations of prime and booster doses of the Astrazeneca and Pfizer vaccines at intervals of four and 12 weeks.

Britain, the first western nation to launch its vaccination programme, has bucked the international trend by administering vaccines at an interval of 12 weeks in a bid to give a first dose of the vaccine to more individuals.

Professor Matthew Snape from Oxford University called the study "extremely exciting", adding that it would provide "information vital to the roll out of vaccines in the UK and globally". 

If the study shows positive results, Britain's independent medicines regulator would formally assess the safety and efficacy of any new vaccination regimen before it is rolled out to patients. 

Disagreements between the UK and the European Union over vaccine supplies have boiled over in recent weeks with Brussels moving to restrict vaccine exports to Northern Ireland on Thursday before the plans were abandoned in a swift U-turn.

In the following days, EU member states and the European Commission have continued to criticise the English-Swedish drugs manufacturer AstraZeneca over slow vaccine delivery and the efficacy of the jab has also been called into question. 

On Wednesday, the British government seized on a separate study that said the AstraZeneca vaccine — which was developed in partnership with Oxford University — significantly reduces virus transmission and is highly protective after a single dose.

AstraZeneca and Oxford University said on Wednesday vaccines against new developing coronavirus variants should be ready by October.

Hollywood explores Panther betrayal in Oscar contender

By - Feb 03,2021 - Last updated at Feb 03,2021

LOS ANGELES — “Judas and the Black Messiah”, Hollywood’s latest Oscar contender based on the 1960s US civil rights movement, turns a tragic historical story of treachery into a modern and urgent call-to-action, its cast and director said on Tuesday.

The Warner Bros biopic starring Daniel Kaluuya, out in theatres and on HBO Max streaming February 12, reexamines the life of young Black Panther leader Fred Hampton alongside the FBI informant who betrayed him.

Produced by Ryan Coogler — director of Marvel superhero film “Black Panther” — the film follows Hampton’s attempts to galvanise Chicago activists against police violence, and an establishment that viewed the real-life Panthers as “the single greatest threat to our national security”.

“Our goal was to really make a movie that captured 1968. But so little has changed between 1968 and 2021, that we don’t really have to draw parallels to the present,” director Shaka King told a virtual press event.

The film — which premiered at the Sundance film festival this week — does not shy away from Hampton’s incendiary speeches, including his infamous rallying cry: “Kill a few pigs, get a little satisfaction... kill them all, get complete satisfaction.”

Kaluuya devoured Black Panther literature and Hampton’s speeches to prepare for the role, hiring a singing coach to achieve the leader’s fiery cadence.

But the film also spotlights the sometimes deadly harassment the Panthers faced, and shows the leader’s more private, bashful side, employing his son and fiancee as consultants.

“I collected and just read and took everything in, and trained, got myself bigger — I did all that I can do to get into the spirit space of him,” said the British actor known for “Get Out” and Marvel’s “Black Panther”.

“They would die to protect their own, and to liberate their own,” said Kaluuya, of Hampton’s followers. “That deeply inspired me.”

 

‘Departed’ 

meets Hoover

 

With its double agents and biblical betrayal, King’s film is billed by its director as “’The Departed’ inside the world of Cointelpro” — a reference to Martin Scorsese’s 2006 crime thriller, and FBI director J. Edgar Hoover’s controversial network to spy on “radical” political groups.

Hoover’s agents monitored domestic protesters against the US war in Vietnam, the white supremacist Ku Klux Klan, and the black militant Panthers, until the program was officially scrapped in 1971.

Early in the film, petty Chicago criminal William O’Neal (LaKeith Stanfield) is caught trying to boost a car, and is convinced to infiltrate the self-styled revolutionaries to avoid prison.

The film is bookended with a real interview O’Neal gave decades later in which he clumsily sought to justify his actions, through a series of convoluted lies about his role in sabotaging the fledging movement.

“It’s a movie that’s about the dangers of being apolitical, and how a lot of times, what can feel like inaction can be quite dangerous,” King said.

Jesse Plemons stars as FBI agent Roy Mitchell, who coerces the film’s “Judas” into ever greater deceit, but all the while finding ways to morally justify his actions.

“The Panthers and the Klan are one and the same — their aim is to sow hatred and inspire terror,” he tells O’Neal.

Mitchell stands as a cautionary tale, because his politics of “decency being prescriptive” are “not dissimilar to white liberal politics now”, said King.

“You saw this summer, all these companies rushing to put together Black Lives Matter hashtags and murals,” the director said. “But what is that really doing for US Black people in the long run?

 

‘Propaganda’

 

The movie follows hot on the heels of “The Trial of the Chicago 7” — Netflix’s retelling of the city’s 1968 anti-war riots — and Amazon’s civil rights-themed adaptation “One Night in Miami”.

Real-life Black leaders including Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., Bobby Seale, Hampton and even Muhammad Ali repeatedly feature or are quoted across the movies.

The films have emerged in the wake of the modern Black Lives Matter movement, which led global anti-racism protests last summer.

All three are seen as major contenders for April’s Oscars.

“Essentially you’re talking about the correction of propaganda,” said King.

“We’re starting to get opportunities as Black folks and non-white folks — we’re getting access to not only the tools to tell the stories, but the distribution models.”

He added: “We have an opportunity to shift those narratives.”

 

For billionaire Jared Isaacman, the space tourism era begins

By - Feb 03,2021 - Last updated at Feb 03,2021

Inspiration4 mission commander Jared Isaacman, founder and chief executive officer of Shift4 Payments, stands for a portrait in front of the recovered first stage of a Falcon 9 rocket at Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (AFP photo)

HAWTHORNE, California — Jared Isaacman is not a professional astronaut, but by the end of the year the young billionaire will have shot around the Earth multiple times at the helm of a space mission made up entirely of tourists.

The tech entrepreneur will blast off on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, in what will be the first all-civilian mission into Earth’s orbit, which he will command and pay for himself.

The mission, named Inspiration4, “is the first step in a world where everybody can go and journey among the stars”, Isaacman said with an enormous grin as he explained the project to AFP in front of SpaceX’s headquarters in the Los Angeles suburb of Hawthorne.

The CEO of payments processing firm Shift4 Payments, which he founded at age 16 in his basement, is an experienced pilot, qualified to fly military aircraft, and already holds a world record for circumnavigating the globe in a light jet in less than 62 hours.

In 2012, he even founded his own company that trains pilots for the US military force, Draken International.

“I’ve been a space and aviation enthusiast since as long as I can remember,” the 37-year-old said. “When I was in kindergarten, I remember looking at picture books of the space shuttle. I told my kindergarten teacher that ‘Someday I’m going to go to space’.”

If all goes as planned, his childhood dream will come true in the last quarter of this year, according to SpaceX.

And the magical voyage is something he plans to share.

Isaacman is to be joined by three other novice astronauts for the multiday journey — including one lucky winner of a drawing — aboard the same model of Dragon spacecraft that carried four astronauts to the International Space Station in November 2020.

 

‘Everyday people’

 

“Probably the most exciting part of this mission is that we are opening up this crew selection process to everyday people,” Isaacman said. 

“You have folks walking around today that don’t realise in 30 days from now they’re going to get fitted for a spacesuit,” he added.

The idea, Isaacman said, is to have a crew that reflects “the key pillars of the mission”: Hope, generosity and prosperity.

The “hope” seat will be going to a female healthcare worker who survived cancer as a child following treatment at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, which specialises in childhood cancers and paediatric diseases.

The second seat, “generosity”, will be part of a fundraiser for the hospital, he said, with a name drawn at random from online donors. Isaacman himself is additionally giving $100 million to the St Jude organisation.

The third seat, which symbolises “prosperity”, will go to an entrepreneur who can best explain “how their business is going to make a difference in the world”.

The competition is open to US residents over age 18, but does not require any unusual physical or technical skills, he said.

Isaacman recounted that SpaceX CEO and founder Elon Musk had told him that “if you can handle a really, really tough roller coaster, you should be able to handle riding on Dragon”.

The NASA astronaut selection process is so choosy that “you have a better chance of getting hit by lightning”, but that is not the case here, Isaacman said.

His mission is slated to last for several days, during which the space tourists will orbit the globe once every 90 minutes — but won’t just be watching the Earth pass by below.

“We intend to spend a lot of our time working on experiments” on behalf of St Jude Children’s Research Hospital or other organisations, Isaacman said.

At the end of the mission, the capsule will reenter Earth’s atmosphere for a water landing off the coast of Florida.

Isaacman doesn’t rule out sending more tourists into space: If the mission is successful, he said, then “there’s going to be an awful lot of people who are going to get the opportunity to go up and explore among the stars.”

With Amazon billions, MacKenzie Scott shakes up philanthropy

By - Feb 02,2021 - Last updated at Feb 02,2021

WASHINGTON — Food banks, immigrant rights groups, and struggling colleges across the US discovered a surprise benefactor last year as billions of dollars flowed into organisations hurting during the pandemic from MacKenzie Scott, the ex-wife of Amazon founder Jeff Bezos.

Scott unlocked a staggering sum of nearly $6 billion in charitable gifts last year, and unlike many other large donors did not attach any restrictions or even naming rights requirements.

The approach has shaken up the philanthropic world, not only with the size of her gifts, but without the limits and accounting requirements of many large foundations or donors.

Laura MacDonald, board chair of the Giving USA Foundation, a nonprofit which conducts research on philanthropic giving, said Scott’s approach is part of a movement of “trust-based philanthropy” which does away with some of the red tape imposed by many donors.

MacDonald said Scott’s approach moved beyond the “Big Brother” approach of some donors and the venture capital mindset which permeates much of the business world.

“Trust-based philanthropy has catapulted to the top of the list of taking points” in the philanthropic world as a result of Scott’s initiative, MacDonald said.

“This may embolden other donors to try something and take more risks.”

In December, Scott’s latest funding round included 384 organisations ranging from Blackfeet Community College in Montana to the Arkansas Food Bank to the Immigrant Families Fund.

“This pandemic has been a wrecking ball in the lives of Americans already struggling,” Scott wrote in a blog post.

“Economic losses and health outcomes alike have been worse for women, for people of colour, and for people living in poverty. Meanwhile, it has substantially increased the wealth of billionaires.”

 

Lots to celebrate

 

Philanthropy activists say Scott’s actions are likely to make other billionaires — including her ex-husband — take notice.

“There is a ton to celebrate about her philanthropy”, said Phil Buchanan, president of the Centre for Effective Philanthropy, which provides research data to foundations and other charitable donors.

“I would hope that the sheer amount of money she is getting out the door and her intention to continue to do so is a kick in the pants to all those sitting on tremendous wealth at time of unbelievable challenge and need.”

Scott, whose Amazon stake acquired in her divorce settlement is estimated at some $58 billion, pledged to give away the majority of her wealth to fight social inequity.

She announced grants of some $1.7 billion last July and another $4.2 billion in December.

She enlisted a team of advisors to help identify organisations to aid those suffering from the economic toll of the pandemic, focusing on those working to combat hunger, poverty and racial inequity.

While her ex-husband Bezos has donated $10 billion to fight climate change — the largest charitable gift of 2020 — and additional amounts to other causes, his giving has been slower and proportionately smaller, given that his fortune is worth more than three times hers.

The former couple could offer a major boost to philanthropy in the US, which represented some $450 billion in donations from Americans in 2019.

 

Speed and scale

 

Benjamin Soskis, senior research associate at the Center on Nonprofits and Philanthropy at the Urban Institute, said Scott’s actions are remarkable not only for their scale but the speed in delivering the funds.

“The pandemic has amplified an imperative in getting money out the door as fast as possible,” Soskis said.

Additionally, Scott has broken with much of philanthropic tradition by eliminating onerous restrictions and limits, which can complicate matters for organisations scrambling to cope with the pandemic.

“She has emphasised giving money and getting out of the way,” Soskis said.

“Philanthropists often see themselves as part of the process, with multiple checks and evaluations and metrics which can be really burdensome.”

One potential critique of Scott’s approach is her “opaque” process in which she has selected grant recipients, Soskis said.

“She is operating in a realm of absolute discretion that is not accountable to anyone,” he said.

Still, Soskis said her actions set an important precedent which could be a positive force for philanthropy.

“We shouldn’t underestimate the role MacKenzie Scott plays in establishing a new norm for philanthropic giving,” Soskis said.

“Any major philanthropist has to confront the example that she has set.”

 

Switzerland’s timeless art mechanics embraces 3D future

By - Feb 02,2021 - Last updated at Feb 02,2021

Swiss master Francois Junod works on a moving mechanical artwork in his workshop in Sainte-Croix on January 19 (AFP photo by Fabrice Coffrini)

SAINTE-CROIX, Switzerland — In his snow-bound workshop, Swiss master Francois Junod’s moving mechanical artworks whir into action: birds whistle, historical luminaries write poetry — traditional craftsmanship newly recognised as being among the world’s cultural heritage.

In the Jura mountains running along the French-Swiss border, the precision skills behind some of the planet’s finest watches and automatons have been handed down through the generations.

The region’s historical pre-eminence in a field combining science, art and technology has also been given a boost by the United Nations.

In December, the craftsmanship of mechanical watchmaking and art mechanics in the Juras were jointly added to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

They now sit on a par with Argentine tango, Belgian beer culture, Chinese calligraphy, French cuisine, Indian yoga, Japanese Kabuki theatre, Mexico’s Day of the Dead and Spanish Flamenco.

Junod is working on an automaton of Leonardo da Vinci. His eyelids blink, and his sparkling eyes move, following his pen strokes as his arm moves from left to right.

“It’s close to magic,” Junod told AFP as he brought Da Vinci’s head to life.

“There is renewed interest in these objects because we are living in an electronic age, and to see these mechanical artworks again — the mystery comes back, the magic returns.”

“It revives this profession which had disappeared somewhat.”

Pristine snow engulfs Junod’s studio in the village of Sainte-Croix in western Switzerland, more than 1,000 metres up in the Juras, and less than 5 kilometres from the French border.

The area is a hotbed of creation in watchmaking and its close relative, art mechanics.

It has been so since the 1685 revocation of the Edict of Nantes, which saw Protestants flee France en masse, many heading for safety in the frontier mountains, taking their skills and industriousness with them.

“The tranquillity of the mountains goes very well with the profession,” said 61-year-old Junod, who is the fourth generation of his family working in mechanics in Sainte-Croix.

His 20-year-old nephew is among the five people working in the studio: A Steampunk’s dream filled with cogs, pistons, mechanical butterflies, a cantering horse, 19th-century music boxes and colourful giant birds.

There is even a skeleton in a feathered hat, used to model movement; hands and legs hanging down from the ceiling; shelves full of miniature heads; tools galore and a giant eye with a rotating music-playing iris.

Junod and his team work on five or six pieces at once. The art form requires patience and curiosity.

The automaton of Russian writer Alexander Pushkin — which could write 1,458 poems in ink — took five years; the Tapis Volant flying carpet took two.

“You have to like difficulty. You need patience. And you have to be passionate,” said Junod.

The job satisfaction comes from seeing the finished product come to life, having overcome all the technical and aesthetic hurdles.

“Even within the same studio, everyone will have their own style in making an automaton,” said Junod.

“It’s that which gives it it’s soul. It really has a soul. No two are ever the same.

“That’s the charm of this craft.”

A timeless charm which can still find a captive audience among the smartphone generation, as happened with La Fee Ondine: A bejewelled fairy sat on a lilypad, her wings fluttering as she wakes to watch a water lily open and a butterfly emerging.

“Wherever we showed it, whether in Beijing, London, Paris or Geneva, every time, young people swarmed around it with their iPhones filming it. Because it moves. It’s poetic,” said Junod.

The local watchmaking and art mechanics industries were thought to be dying out when digital technology began to creep in from the 1970s onwards.

But traditional Swiss watches saw off the challenge, and art mechanics also survived by embracing the possibilities opened up by computer simulations and three-dimensional printing.

“Now we mix modern tools with ancient traditional methods,” said Junod, meaning the art form’s limits are an ever-moving target.

“We can design objects that were impossible to manufacture in the traditional way and thanks to 3D printing, you can make incredible parts,” he said, even in gold and silver.

“The imagination can go even further.

“Almost everything is possible.”

Mercedes-Benz GLC300e 4Matic Coupe: The Fashion Conscious SUV

By - Feb 01,2021 - Last updated at Feb 01,2021

Photo courtesy of Mercedes-Benz

The more fashion-oriented of two versions of the same vehicle, the Mercedes-Benz GLC300e 4Matic Coupe might be less spacious and less practical than its wagon body sister, but for many, is the more desirable for its stylishly sloping lift-back roofline and hunkered down glasshouse.

First launched in 2016 and face-lifted since 2019, the GLC300e Coupe is the improved hybrid model in the GLC-Class line-up. In addition to mild exterior and interior design updates and expanded, and updated technology and assistance systems, it gains improved electric output, a new gearbox, quicker acceleration and improved EV range.

Little altered for 2019, the CLC-Class Coupe gains the expected fascia refresh with restyled intakes, grille, lights, bumper and so forth. Slightly more aggressive — especially in AMG Line specification, as driven — it remains among the best-looking SUV in its niche segment. Sitting high off the ground with a broad rhinestone-like patterned grille now wider at the bottom, the GLC-Class Coupe features bulging bodywork and surfacing, high flanks, small glasshouse, low, flowing roofline and a lift-back rear. Contrasting with its more traditional regular SUV sister model, it has a dramatically squat stance that emphasises its width.

 

Smooth and silent

 

Subtly distinguished as a hybrid model among the line-up with its small badges, the GLC300e Coupe is powered by a an in-line turbocharged, direct injection 2-litre four-cylinder engine developing 208BHP at 5,500rpm and 258lb/ft at 1,200-4,000rpm, in addition to a transmission-integral electric motor developing 120BHP and 324/b/ft. 

Driven using combustion or electric power, or a combination of both, the GLC300e Coupe’s available combined system output of 315BHP and 515lb/ft effortlessly and briskly powers its hefty 2,040kg through the 0-100km/ h acceleration benchmark in just 5.7-seconds and onto a 230km/h top speed.

Powering all wheels via an in-house-developed 9-speed automatic gearbox replacing an outgoing 7-speeder, the GLC300e better utilises available output for improved performance, versatility and fuel economy, rated at 2.2-2.6l/100km, combined. With a 13.5kWh battery, the GLC300e Coupe claims a near silent 45-52km EV range, suitable for short commuting. 

Driven more spiritedly on inclines, the GLC300e’s batteries, however, naturally deplete sooner. On the move charging is meanwhile achieved with regenerative brakes scavenging and converting kinetic energy, but as a plug-in hybrid, full charging time using a household socket takes five-hours or 1.5-hours using a high capacity charger.

 

Flexible delivery

 

Responsive off the line with a near instant electric shove and four-wheel-drive traction, the GLC300e Coupe confidently glides in EV mode with plenty of ever-present torque. More muscular with both motors in operation, it nevertheless performs well even when batteries are depleted and it is running primarily on its familiar yet capable combustion engine. Notably heavier than non-hybrid GLC-Class versions, the GLC300e Coupe’s performance isn’t much blunted by the extra heft, even when running on combustion, and is versatile across its generous mid-range, and happily revs to its redline.

A balanced SUV that is refined inside, settled and stable at speed, the GLC300e Coupe also handles well for its weight and height. Its steering is direct and quick, with tidy turn-in, but not quite as nuanced for road feel or ultimate grip thresholds as the non-AMG version with slimmer, higher profile tyres. That said, the driven AMG Line version’s enormous staggered 245/ 40R19 front and 275/ 35R19 rear tyres do provide plenty of grip through hard driven corners as the dig in, under weight transfer to the outside, while four-wheel-drive alters power distribution as needed between front and rear.

 

Classy cabin

 

A smooth drive that feels hunkered down on the road, the GLC300e Coupe well controls its 2,040kg weight through corners, but low profile tyres can feel slightly firmer over especially jagged road imperfections and cracks. Poised and settled under most circumstances, one did feel that slightly firmer damping and rebound control, and reduced suspension compression would suit some of Amman’s larger speed bumps. That said, the more comfort-oriented non-AMG GLC wagon managed such bumps with greater fluency. 

However, all things considered, the GLC300e Coupe is a reassuringly confident drive that well reconciles ride and handling properties.

Refined, well-insulated and capable of 130km/ h in EV mode, the GLC300e Coupe is stylishly contemporary and classy inside in design, quality and materials. Well-equipped with a slew of convenience, infotainment, safety, driver assistance features, its reversing camera, parking assistance and blindspot warning proved particularly useful given its rakishly low roofline and small glasshouse. 

The GLC300e Coupe delivers a well-adjustable and supportive driving position, and good front space, while rear headroom is practical, but less than its wagon body sister. Meanwhile, the optional strap-down over floor spare tyre reduces its nominally adequate 350-litre minimum and 1250-litre maximum luggage volume.

 

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Engine: 2-litre, turbocharged, in-line 4-cylinders/electric motor

Valve-train: 16-valve, DOHC, direct injection

Gearbox: 9-speed automatic, four-wheel-drive

0-100km/ h: 5.7-seconds

Maximum speed combined (electric only): 230km/h (130km/h)

Power, BHP (PS) [kW]: 208 (211) [155] @5,500rpm

Electric power, BHP (PS) [kW]: 120 (122) [90]

Combined system power, BHP (PS) [kW]: 315 (320) [235]

Power-to-weight, combined: 154BHP/ tonne

Torque, lb/ ft (Nm): 258 (350) @ 1,200-4,000rpm

Electric torque, lb/ ft (Nm): 324 (440)

Combined system torque, lb/ ft (Nm): 516 (700)

Torque-to-weight, combined: 343Nm/ tonne

Fuel consumption, combined: 2.2-2.6 litres/100km

CO2 emissions, combined: 49-60g/km

Fuel tank: 57-litres

EV range: 45-52km

Battery capacity, kWh: 13.5

Electrical consumption, combined: 16.2-18.7kWh/100km

10-100 per cent charging time, home socket 2.3kW/fast charger 7.4kW: 5-/ 1.5-hours

Length: 4,731mm

Width: 1,890mm

Height: 1,622mm

Wheelbase: 2,873mm

Track, F/ R: 1,614/1,605mm

Aerodynamic drag co-efficiency: 0.33

Unladen weight: 2.040kg

Gross weight: 2,610kg

Payload: 570kg

Towing weight, braked/unbraked: 2,000/750kg

Steering: Electric-assisted, rack and pinion

Turning circle: 11.8-metres

Suspension: Multi-link, anti-roll bars

Brakes: Perforated, ventilated/ventilated discs, regenerative braking

Tyres, F/ R: 245/ 40R19/275/35R19

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