Region

CAIRO –– Egypt said Friday a Japanese archaeological team has discovered the tomb of a leading beer producer from the pharaonic period in the country’s famed temple city of Luxor.

The tomb of Khonso Em Heb, who lived 3,200 years ago, was “one of the most important discoveries made in the city of Luxor... at the Thebes necropolis”, said Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt’s antiquities minister.

The tomb has on its walls and ceilings landscapes and diverse sculptures that “revealed many details of daily life during the ancient Egyptian times” including family relationships and religious rituals.

One piece of artwork shows Khonso Em Heb, who also headed the royal storehouses during the pharaonic Ramesside period, making offerings to the gods along with his wife and daughter.

The archaeologists discovered the site while cleaning the courtyard of “another tomb belonging to a top official from the reign of King Amenhotep III of the 18th dynasty,” said Jiro Kondo, head of the Japanese team from Waseda University.

The tomb would be placed under tight security until the excavation work is completed, the ministry said.

Luxor, a city of around 500,000 residents on the banks of the Nile in southern Egypt, is an open-air museum of intricate temples, tombs of pharaonic rulers and landmarks such as the Winter Palace hotel where crime novelist Agatha Christie is said to have written “Death on the Nile”.

PRAGUE –– A blast that killed the Palestinian ambassador to the Czech Republic this week “was not an accident”, despite an official theory to the contrary, the envoy’s daughter said Saturday.

“What is certain is that it was not an accident,” Rana Al Jamal, who lives in the Palestinian city of Ramallah, told the Czech newspaper Dnes in an interview.

Her father, Jamal Al Jamal, the 56-year-old ambassador to Prague since October, was fatally wounded on Wednesday by an explosion in the Palestinian diplomatic mission’s premises in the Czech capital.

Czech police have excluded an assassination, instead advancing the theory that the blast was caused by an anti-theft device inside a safe Jamal was manipulating. They also said unregistered weapons were found inside the mission in violation of diplomatic treaties.

Palestinian officials have given contradictory accounts of the explosion.

Palestinian Foreign Minister Riad Malki has described the death as an “accident” caused by an old safe booby-trapped to explode if opened the wrong way. But a spokesman for the Palestinian embassy said the safe in question was new, often used, and contained “no built-in anti-theft system”.

The ambassador’s daughter said she was convinced the explosives were put inside the safe when the diplomatic mission was recently moved from a different address in the Czech capital.

“A political or other motive” could be behind her father’s death, she said, without elaborating.

“I don’t know and I won’t mention anyone.”

She added: “I hope all of this will be cleared up as soon as possible and that we will know the truth.”

A security specialist, Jiri Sedivy, who was chief of staff of the Czech military from 1988 to 2002, challenged Rana Al Jamal’s evaluation.

“In contrast with the ambassador’s daughter, I don’t think it was an attack against her father. In my opinion, he died because he ineptly handled an explosive,” Sedivy said on the news website www.aktualne.cz.

He claimed a weapons cache “has practically become common in the Palestinian embassy” and hypothesised that the diplomat did not observe basic safety procedures in handling them.

The former officer said he believed an accidental explosion had inadvertently revealed a “well-organised arms and explosive distribution network... under diplomatic cover”.

The Czech police are pursuing their investigation into the blast with Palestinian officials sent to Prague.

The website of mass circulation Respekt weekly on Thursday quoted unnamed police sources as saying Jamal had probably mishandled a bomb hidden in the safe.

It also said police had found enough automatic rifles and other illegal weapons to arm a 10-man combat unit.

The ambassador’s body could be sent to the Palestinian territory next week, according to Czech media.

Jamal was a member of the ruling Palestinian Fateh Party of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas since 1975.

The Czech Republic is a staunch ally of Israel but Prague has hosted a Palestine Liberation Organisation mission since 1981, when it was the capital of Czechoslovakia.

CAIRO — Egypt’s foreign ministry said it summoned Qatar’s ambassador on Saturday to protest Doha’s criticism of the military-installed government’s crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood.

Relations between the countries deteriorated with the Egyptian military’s overthrow of president Mohamed Morsi and subsequent deadly crackdown on his Muslim Brotherhood movement, which Qatar backs.

Al Jazeera television, based in Qatar, has also incensed Egypt’s government with its coverage of a police crackdown on persistent Brotherhood protests since Morsi’s overthrow in July.

“The Qatari ambassador was summoned over a statement by the Qatari foreign ministry,” foreign ministry spokesman Badr Abdelatty told AFP.

Late Friday, the Qatari foreign ministry condemned deadly clashes between police and Muslim Brotherhood protesters across Egypt, which killed at least 17 people.

Qatar said it was “concerned by the increase in casualties from the crackdown on protests”.

It also criticised Egypt’s labelling the Brotherhood last month as a terrorist group, which tightened the screws on the beleaguered movement.

The decision was “a precursor to a shoot-to-kill policy against demonstrators”, said the statement, published by the official Qatari QNA news agency.

Doha has backed the Brotherhood in several countries swept by the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011, sparking a backlash from the Islamists’ opponents, who accused Qatar of using its natural gas wealth to prop up the organisation.

During Morsi’s single year in power, Doha pledged billions of dollars in aid to support Egypt’s battered economy, prompting accusations from Morsi’s opposition that it was trying to buy influence in the highly nationalistic country.

Doha now harbours several Islamists who fled the crackdown on the Brotherhood following Morsi’s overthrow, which killed more than 1,000 people in street clashes and imprisoned thousands more.

Egypt has called on Arab states to respect a 1998 counter-terrorism treaty and hand over Islamists wanted for trial.

One of them is Yousef Qaradawi, a prominent Egyptian-born cleric based in Doha.

Qaradawi faces trial with Morsi and 129 other suspects accused of involvement in jailbreaks and attacks on police stations during the early 2011 uprising that toppled strongman Hosni Mubarak.

He rose to prominence through his show on Al Jazeera, which Egypt accuses of biased coverage of the Brotherhood.

Egypt has jailed several journalists working for the media conglomerate since Morsi’s overthrow, including three journalists with Al Jazeera’s English language news operation.

The broadcaster’s Cairo bureau chief, Mohammed Fahmy, Australian journalist Peter Greste and producer Baher Mohamed were detained following their arrest last week in a Cairo hotel.

ADDIS ABABA — Warring parties in South Sudan delayed direct peace talks on Saturday dashing hopes of a swift ceasefire to end raging fighting and the risk of a slide into all-out civil war.

While top leaders of the government and rebel teams have briefly met directly, the rivals continued Saturday to hold separate talks with negotiators.

No timeline has been set for the crucial face-to-face talks to begin, despite the teams having already spent three days in the same luxury hotel in neighbouring Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa.

Thousands of people are feared to have been killed in the fighting since it erupted on December 15, pitting army units loyal to President Salva Kiir against a loose alliance of ethnic militia forces and mutinous army commanders nominally headed by his rival, former vice president Riek Machar.

In South Sudan Saturday the army battled to wrest back control of the oil town of Bor from rebels.

“Our forces are still moving towards Bor, there were heavy battles on Friday,” army spokesman Philip Aguer told AFP, dismissing rebel claims they had been marching on the capital Juba.

There were reports of intense battles involving tanks and artillery on the outskirts of Bor, a dusty strategic town that has already exchanged hands three times since fighting began almost three weeks ago.

The ongoing fighting prompted the top UN aid official in South Sudan, Toby Lanzer, to warn that soldiers and rebels must protect civilians and aid workers, or risk worsening a situation he described as critical.

“More people arrived at our bases in Juba... we’re up to 30,000 in the capital alone,” Lanzer said late Friday.

The US embassy in South Sudan ordered a further pullout of staff on Friday because of the “deteriorating security situation”, although Washington — a key backer of the fledgling state — insisted it remains committed to ending the violence.

Key role of regional nations

In Addis Ababa, there appeared little sign of swift progress.

South Sudan Information Minister Michael Makuei, part of the delegation to the talks, as well as rebel team spokesman Yohanis Musa Pouk, said the two sides would not meet until an agenda had been drafted by negotiators and agreed by both sides.

Makuei told AFP the two leaders of the delegations had met briefly, but that the teams were now “waiting to hear the way forward” from the negotiators, who are from the regional East African Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) bloc of nations.

“The heads of the two delegations need to agree on an agenda... maybe tomorrow or after tomorrow,” rebel spokesman Pouk said.

IGAD, whose members include the talks host Ethiopia as well as Kenya and Uganda — all strong backers of Kiir’s government — played key roles in pushing forward the 2005 deal that ended Sudan’s two-decade-long civil war.

Uganda has deployed troops inside South Sudan to evacuate its citizens and bolster support for Kiir.

Britain’s Foreign Secretary William Hague has called Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni to discuss Kampala’s role in South Sudan, without giving further details.

Ethiopian Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom Friday had spoken optimistically that direct talks would take place on Saturday, after the rival sides spent a day of meeting separately with special envoys from regional nations.

But Addis Ababa’s foreign ministry spokesman Dina Mufti said Saturday the two sides would continue meeting separately with negotiators.

No timeline had been set, Dina said, adding it “depends on the negotiations”.

Civilians in critical condition

Fighting started when Kiir accused Machar of attempting a coup in the oil-rich but impoverished nation.

Machar denied this, in turn accusing the president of conducting a violent purge of opponents.

Fighting has spread across the country, with the rebels seizing several areas in the oil-rich north.

Aid workers have stepped up warnings of a worsening crisis for civilians affected by the conflict in the landlocked country of almost 11 million people.

The violence has forced around 200,000 people to flee their homes and “affected many hundreds of thousands of people indirectly”, the UN’s Lanzer said. Tens of thousand are seeking refuge with badly overstretched UN peacekeepers.

BEIRUT — Five staffers of the international aid organisation Doctors Without Borders (MSF) have been taken in for questioning in northern Syria, the group said Friday.

The five staffers were taken “allegedly for questioning” from a Doctors Without Borders house in northern Syria, and have been out of contact since Thursday evening, said Michael Goldfarb, a spokesman for the aid group. He did not say whether the missing staffers had been taken by government forces or rebels fighting to overthrow President Bashar Assad, and refused to give further details out of concern for the missing workers’ safety.

Karin Ekholm, a spokeswoman for the Swedish branch of the organisation, said those seized were Swedish, Danish, Swiss, Belgian and Peruvian nationals.

The Danish branch confirmed a Dane was among those taken.

“We are doing all we can to do re-establish contact with our colleagues,” the Danish branch said in a statement.

Rami Abdel Rahman, the head of the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said that members of the Al Qaeda-linked Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) had stormed a hospital in the northwestern province of Latakia and taken all of its doctors to an unknown location. Others were taken from their homes by ISIL members, he added.

Abdurrahman said it was not clear whether the Doctors Without Borders members were among those taken in Latakia.

Opposition-held areas of northern and eastern Syria have seen a wave of kidnappings over the past six months that has targeted journalists, aid workers and activists. Al Qaeda-linked rebel factions are suspected of being behind many of the abductions.

In October, several members of the International Committee of the Red Cross were briefly abducted in northwestern Syria. Many Syrian activists have fled the country after threats by ISIL and the killing of a number of citizen journalists.

Also Friday, activists reported heavy clashes between Syrian opposition fighters and ISIL members in the northern provinces of Aleppo of Idlib.

More than 130,000 people have been killed so far in the war, now in its third year, according to the observatory. The group closely monitors the violence in Syria through a network of activists across the country. The UN said in July that 100,000 Syrians have been killed, and has not updated that figure since.

Millions of Syrians have been uprooted from their homes because of the fighting.

The crisis began as an uprising against Assad’s government but later turned into a civil war. Over the past years, clashes between rival opposition groups became common in rebel-held areas.

The observatory said Friday’s fighting was concentrated in the city of Aleppo and the nearby town of Atareb. Fighting between rebel factions and ISIL, which has many foreign fighters in its ranks, has been common in areas under opposition control.

The Aleppo Media Center reported clashes between the ISIL and the Mujahedeen Army in rebel-held western parts of Aleppo.

Tension has been rising between rebel groups and ISIL of late, especially after Tuesday’s killing of a senior rebel by the Al Qaeda-linked group. The Observatory said the slain rebel, doctor Hussein Suleiman, was found dead after being shot several times and his ear was cut “with a sharp object”.

The newly created Islamic Front, an umbrella group of powerful, mostly ultra-conservative Islamic fighters, issued a statement ordering ISIL to hand over Suleiman’s killers so they can stand trial. Clashes later erupted between the groups.

A video released by activists showed dozens of people marching in Aleppo and chanting “Free Syrian Army forever, against ISIL and Assad”.

The video appeared genuine and corresponded to other AP reporting of the events depicted.

BEIRUT — Syrian rebels and activists have launched a second “revolution” nearly three years into the uprising against President Bashar Assad, this time against a powerful Al Qaeda affiliate accused of brutal abuses.

Battles have raged for two days across northern Syria since the newly formed Army of Mujahedeen declared war on the Al Qaeda-linked Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), with two massive rebel alliances joining the battle against the extremist group.

“The revolution has returned to its true path, and the rays of the sun have started to shine on Syria,” Ibrahim Al Idelbi, an activist from the war-torn country’s northwest with close ties to the rebels, wrote on his Facebook page.

“January 3, 2014: The revolution against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant begins,” wrote coastal Latakia’s Ammar, also on Facebook.

Activists and rebels have long accused ISIL of imposing a reign of terror on areas under its control, including public executions and the kidnapping, torture and assassination of rival rebels and civilians.

Some have gone so far as to accuse the group of colluding with the Assad regime to tarnish the image of the initially peaceful uprising and deter Western nations from intervening more forcefully on the rebels’ behalf.

The latest fighting appeared to have been ignited by the torture and murder this week of Dr Hussein Al Sleiman, known as Abu Rayyan, a popular medic.

‘People have had enough’

An activist in Idlib who goes by the name Abu Leyla said ISIL “only benefits the Assad regime”, which has long insisted that all its opponents — peaceful activists and rebels alike — are “terrorists”.

“They have taken over roads from local fighters and then withdrawn, opening the way to the army. They take over border crossings to control arms shipments for the rebels. People have had enough,” Abu Leyla said.

Aron Lund, an expert on Syria’s insurgency, said ISIL’s vision of itself, not as a mere rebel group but as a nascent Islamic state governed by a harsh interpretation of Sharia law, has alienated other rebel groups, including less radical Islamists.

“We see what the other groups say — that they’ve given ISIL one chance after another, but that they keep burning their bridges,” said Lund, editor of the Syria in Crisis website of the Carnegie Endowment.

The recently formed Islamic Front and the Syrian Revolutionaries Front, two broad alliances that bring together tens of thousands of opposition fighters, both condemned ISIL on Friday.

“We call on ISIL to withdraw immediately from Atareb [in northern Syria] ... and remind them that those who freed Atareb [from Assad’s regime] are those you are fighting today,” said the Islamic Front, Syria’s largest rebel alliance.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a Britain-based monitoring group that relies on a network of sources inside Syria, said at least 36 ISIL members and supporters have been killed and another 100 have been captured by rebels.

However, the group’s setbacks in Syria came as it advanced in neighbouring Iraq, seizing the city of Fallujah and parts of Ramadi in the volatile Anbar province.

Syrian protesters took to the streets on Friday in demonstrations against ISIL that recalled the early days of protest against Assad. In Aleppo, they cried: “Free Syrian Army forever! Crush ISIL and Assad!”

The main opposition Syrian National Coalition on Saturday endorsed the fight against “the authoritarian repression” and “Al Qaeda extremism” of ISIL.

ISIL supporters, meanwhile, accused the other rebels of betraying the group, with one supporter calling the activists “mercenaries” on Twitter and another saying: “To those of you who stay silent in the face of injustices against ISIL, you’re next.”

‘Syria and extremism don’t mix’

Assad has insisted from the start of the Arab Spring-inspired uprising that he is fighting against foreign terrorists, but dissidents say his regime has largely ignored ISIL while going after peaceful activists and more moderate rebels.

They often point to ISIL’s main headquarters in the eastern city of Raqa, which has been spared by the regime’s air force despite heavy bombing campaigns in other areas.

Salman Sheikh, a scholar at the Brookings Doha Centre, said the recent fighting made it clear that “Syria and extremism don’t mix” but that rebels opposed to both ISIL and Assad will need more international support to prevail.

To date, the West has done little to arm the rebels for fear that weapons may end up in the hands of jihadists.

“Many Syrians have given up on the outside world, and have felt the need, despite the risks, to recover their own revolution, alone,” Sheikh said.

OCCUPIED JERUSALEM –– Israeli officials Friday denied claims by a former envoy that Israel had killed most of those behind bombings at its embassy and Jewish charity offices in Argentina in the 1990s, media said.

News website Ynet quoted foreign ministry spokesman Yigal Palmor describing as “complete nonsense”, the allegation by Itzhak Aviran, Israel’s ambassador to Argentina from 1993 to 2000.

The July 1994 bombing of the Argentine Jewish Charities Federation (AMIA) building in Buenos Aires killed 85 people. Hundreds were hurt in a bombing Argentina had said was masterminded by Iran.

Two years earlier, in March 1992, a car bombing in front of the Israeli embassy in the capital killed 29 and wounded 200 others.

“The large majority of those responsible are no longer of this world, and we did it ourselves,” Aviran told the Buenos Aires-based AJN Jewish news agency on Thursday.

“He is completely detached from the reality in Israel,” public radio’s website wrote, citing an unnamed Israeli diplomatic source. “There is no truth in what he says.”

Two decades after the blasts, those who instigated them have not been brought to justice.

Neither Carlos Menem, who was Argentina’s president from 1989 to 1999, nor his successor Fernando de la Rua and those who followed “did anything to get to the bottom of this tragedy”, Aviran told AJN.

“We still need an answer [from the Argentine government] on what happened,” he added. “We know who the perpetrators of the embassy bombing were and they did it a second time.”

Courts in Argentina have charged eight Iranians over the AMIA bombing and authorities are demanding their extradition. They include former defence minister Ahmad Vahidi and ex-president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani.

Argentine authorities also suspect Iran of being behind the 1992 bombing.

Iran has repeatedly denied any involvement in the attacks.

Argentina’s 300,000-strong Jewish community is the largest in Latin America.

BEIRUT –– A Saudi man suspected of leading an Al Qaeda-linked group has died in detention in Lebanon from kidney failure, a judicial source told AFP Saturday.

“Majid Al Majid, who suffered from kidney disease and was in poor health, has died,” the source said on condition of anonymity.

Majid was the suspected head of the Abdullah Azzam Brigades, which claimed responsibility for an attack in November on the Iranian embassy in Beirut that killed 25 people.

A Lebanese minister this week told AFP that Majid had been arrested by army intelligence.

Saudi Arabia had hailed Majid’s detention, and the Iranian embassy in Beirut had requested access to the investigation into the double suicide bombing.

The attack on the embassy came amid rising tensions in Lebanon over the role of the Tehran-backed Shiite movement Hizbollah in the war in neighbouring Syria.

Hizbollah and Iran are allied with the Syrian regime, and Hizbollah has sent fighters to help battle the Sunni-led insurgency, which is supported by its opponents in Lebanon.

In claiming the embassy bombing, brigades member Sirajeddin Zreikat warned of more attacks in Lebanon if Hizbollah keeps sending troops to support Syrian President Bashar Assad.

In 2009, Lebanon sentenced Majid in absentia to life in prison for belonging to a different extremist group, the Al Qaeda-inspired Fatah Al Islam.

DUBAI –– Bahrain has named a Bahraini citizen who lives in Iran as a main suspect in what it called planned “terrorist acts” and said he and his collaborators had received training and other help from Tehran.

Bahrain, home to the US Fifth Fleet, said last Monday it had foiled an attempt to smuggle arms and explosives, some made in Iran and Syria, into the country by boat.

The Gulf Arab kingdom has been rattled by bouts of unrest since February 2011, when protests led by members of its Shiite majority population demanded that the Sunni ruling family give up ultimate power to an elected parliament.

Bahrain’s chief prosecutor Osama Al Oufi, cited by the state BNA news agency, said the suspect behind the smuggling operation, Ali Mafoudh Al Moussawi, was accused of “planning to commit terrorist acts and planting explosives targeting vital installations, and sovereign and security locations”.

Moussawi recruited a number of people to be trained in Iran to carry out attacks and formed a group to smuggle the weapons and explosives into Bahrain, BNA said.

Several members of the group were arrested and confessed to having been trained by Iranians at camps for the Islamic Republic’s elite Revolutionary Guard, BNA said late on Thursday.

“The accused confessed that they had joined the group to... commit terrorist acts with religious motivations from their points of view,” Oufi said, according to BNA.

Other members of the group are still at large in Iran and Iraq, he said, adding that two of those arrested while trying to smuggle the arms spoke an Iraqi dialect of Arabic.

The Manama government, dominated for generations by the Sunni Muslim Al Khalifa family, accuses Bahrain’s opposition of having a Shiite sectarian agenda, and links to Tehran and to Lebanese Shiite militant group Hizbollah.

The opposition denies this, saying such allegations are a pretext for avoiding democratic reforms. Tehran also denies any link, but champions the cause of the opposition while Hizbollah has criticised Manama’s crackdown on Shiite protesters.

In February, Bahrain accused Iran’s Revolutionary Guard of setting up a militant cell to assassinate public figures in the Gulf Arab kingdom and attack its airport and government buildings.

Bahrain’s Shiite opposition groups suspended their participation in reconciliation talks with the government after the arrest of a senior member of Al Wefaq, the main opposition group, in September.

BEIRUT –– A statement in the name of the Al Qaeda-linked militant group Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility on Saturday for a suicide bombing in the Hizbollah stronghold of southern Beirut that killed at least five people two days ago.

The purported ISIL claim, which also warned of further attacks, came in a statement responding to an offensive against the group by rival forces in northern Syria over the last two days in which dozens of people have been killed.

The statement said the fighting in Syria had been launched at a time when the Islamic State had “breached the borders and penetrated the security system of the Party of Satan in Lebanon” — an ironic reference to Hizbollah, whose name means Party of God in Arabic.

ISIL said it had “struck its stronghold in the so-called security zone in southern suburbs of Beirut on Thursday... in the first small installment of a heavy account that awaits these shameless criminals”.

If confirmed, it would be the first time that ISIL had claimed responsibility for an attack in Beirut, which has suffered a wave of bombings since last summer, mostly targeting Hizbollah and its allies.

Two suicide bombers struck the Iranian embassy in southern Beirut in November in an attack claimed by the Al Qaeda-linked Abdullah Azzam Brigades, whose leader died in a Lebanese military hospital on Saturday.

The army said Thursday’s attack had been carried out by a suicide bomber identified through DNA tests as Qutaiba Mohamad Al Satem. Lebanese media said Satem was a 19-year-old from Wadi Khaled, in north Lebanon close to the Syrian border.