Egypt keen to save Saudi ties after islands ruling

CAIRO — Egypt will do all it can to preserve crucial ties with Saudi Arabia, experts say, after an Egyptian court ruled against government plans to transfer control of two islands to Riyadh.

Strains between the two Arab allies have grown in recent months, in particular over Cairo’s less-than-enthusiastic support for Saudi efforts in Syria and Yemen.

Monday’s ruling — which saw Egypt’s top administrative court block the transfer of the Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia — is likely to fuel concerns in Riyadh.

Still, analysts say Egypt’s government, which relies on Riyadh for vital financial backing, will take steps to ensure the dispute does not escalate further.

“The government will not spare any effort to implement the [islands] agreement,” says Mostafa Kamel El Sayed, a political science professor at Cairo University.

The Egyptian government “will use all legal means available for achieving that, whether at the constitutional court or the parliament”, Sayed says.

Neither government has so far commented on the ruling, which upheld a previous court decision that the two islands — Tiran and Sanafir — are sovereign Egyptian territories.

The deal to hand over the islands, signed during a visit last April by Saudi King Salman in which Riyadh showered Egypt with aid, provoked accusations that Cairo had “sold” the strategic islands.

President Abdel Fattah Al Sisi’s government had appealed the earlier court ruling blocking the sale and is likely to appeal the latest decision on consitutional grounds.

“The Egyptian authorities will try to calm the situation and prevent an escalation,” parliamentarian Samir Ghattas says.

In an interview carried out on Sunday with state-run newspapers and published on Tuesday Sisi called for “unity” and “understanding” between Egypt and its Saudi “brothers”.

Alternative backers 

Saudi Arabia is also one of Egypt’s main trading partners and any cooling in relations could become “a difficult economic challenge” for Cairo, says a government official speaking on condition of anonymity.

Riyadh has already backtracked on one of the deals it signed in April without offering an explanation, with the oil giant Saudi Aramco suspending monthly deliveries of 700,000 tonnes of petroleum products to Egypt since October.

The suspension came a few days after Egypt voted in favour of a Russian-drafted UN Security Council resolution on Syria that Riyadh strongly opposed.

Economist Ibrahim Al Ghitani says Egyptian authorities are aware of their vulnerability, and have begun to seek alternative backers.

“The Egyptian government has already begun to seek an alternative in this area: an agreement has been reached with Kuwait, and negotiations with Iraq have reached a very advanced stage,” Ghitani says.

In another possible sign of tensions, a Saudi delegation in December visited a massive hydroelectric dam being built on the Nile in Ethiopia — a project which seriously worries Egypt as the river provides more than 90 per cent of its water.

“The idea that we can count on Saudi Arabia as an economic partner for Egypt has started to fade,” Ghitani says.

It is unclear how concerned officials are in Riyadh following the latest ruling. 

Anwar Eshki, a retired Saudi general and founder of the independent Middle East Centre for Strategic and Legal Studies in Jeddah, says there is “no problem between Saudi Arabia and Egypt” about the decision.

“This is an internal affair,” he says, describing the court battles as a reflection of domestic Egyptian struggles.

In Tuesday’s edition of Saudi Arabia’s Arab News, editor-in-chief Faisal Abbas also played down the dispute, saying that contrary “to some local media”, Saudi Arabia “remains one of Egypt’s biggest allies”.

“The issue of Tiran and Sanafir will pass sooner or later,” he wrote.